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Coal has been using as a major source of energy all over the world formany centuries. In Pakistan, with an average estimation, coal reserves of about 185 billion tons has been reported and stands 7th in ranking based on the lignite coal resources which is being utilized for commercial as well as domestic usage. In the present study, 417 coal mines located in the Eastern Salt Range of Pakistan were visited, out of which only 64 mines were active. It was found that most of the mines in study area were abandoned due to poor quality of coal seam and failures due to stresses, seepage and poor support system. Despite living in the 21st century, obsolete methods for roof supports are being employed in the coal mines which is an alarming situation. In order to eliminate the above-mentioned issues so that maximum production can be achieved while considering the safety measures as well, a methodology was proposed in this research.Four classification systems, namely Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Q-system, Laubscher’s Geomechanics Classification (MRMR) and Coal Mine Roof Rating (CMRR), were employed to characterize the rock masses, estimation of support system and support pressures. The data required for empirical studies was collected through geological and engineering geological mapping, discontinuity surveys and testing of samples of rock and timber in laboratory and in the fieldas well. The main rock units in the study area were limestone, sandstone, claystone, shale, carbonaceous shale and coal. According to the results of classification systems, it is evaluated that the rock units lay in different classes i.e. limestone is very good to poor, sandstone and claystone are good to very poor, shale and carbonaceous shale are fair to extremely poor, and coal is fair to very poor. The regression analyses of scattered data were conducted in order to establish relations among the classification systems. The results obtained were quite similar to the previous researches. RMR and CMRR classification systemsrecommended the installation of bolts and shotcrete,MRMR proposed the usage of timbering for strong lithologies while Q-system ended up with unsupported reinforcement category but usage of bolts isalways emphasized upon, in order to increase the factor of safety and avoid any fatal incident.
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