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Drought and salt stress are major abiotic constraints affecting crop productivity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). These are thought to be the most promising traits to improve and stabilize crop yield to meet the demand of increasing population. Wheat like other cereals is recalcitrant to in vitro manipulation. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, present studies were aimed to develop an efficient reproducible regeneration protocol for gene delivery to develop transgenic wheat lines with improved tolerance against drought and salinity. Different combinations of phytohormones, carbon sources and calli age were evaluated to maximize regeneration. DREB1A transcription factor was isolated from rice and transferred to wheat through Agrobacterium mediate transformation. The ectopic expression of DREB1A in transgenic plants did not result in growth retardation or visible phenotypic alterations. T0 progeny of four transgenic events were exposed to progressive drought and salinity trials in pots and hydroponics respectively. Transgenic lines showed improved tolerance to these stresses as compared to control.
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