Ghulam Mohyyodin Qumar
Virtual University of Pakistan
Public
Lahore
Punjab
Pakistan
2017
Completed
Software Engineering
English
http://vspace.vu.edu.pk/detail.aspx?id=125
2021-02-17 19:49:13
2024-03-24 20:25:49
1676720972325
اصلاحی کا تعلق اعظم گڑھ کی مشہور برادری پچمیل سے تھا جس میں غالب اکثریت نو مسلم راجپوتوں کی ہے۔[[1]] اصلاحی کا خاندان درمیانے درجے کا زمینددار تھا۔ امین احسن کے والد مرتضیٰ ولد وزیرعلی ایک دین دار نیک سیرت اور معزز آدمی تھے۔ اصلاحی کا آبائی گاؤں بمہور(اعظم گڑھ(یو۔پی) سے چار میل کے فاصلے پر دریائے ٹونس کے کنارے پر واقع تھا۔[[2]]
امین احسن کی درست تاریخ پیدائش محفوظ نہیں کیونکہ اس وقت تاریخ پیدائش کے اندراج کی طرف توجہ نہیں ہوتی تھی البتہ اصلاحی کی پیدائش کا سال ۱۹۰۴ء ہے۔[[3]]
اصلاحی نے ابتدائی تعلیم گاؤں کے مکتب سے حاصل کی سرکاری مکتب میں ان کےاستاد بشیر احمد جبکہ دینی مکتب میں فصیح احمد کے شاگرد بنے ۔یہاں سے انہوں نے قرآن مجید اور فارسی کی تعلیم حاصل کی۔
شبلی نعمانی جب علی گڑھ، دیوبند اور ندوۃ العلماء لکھنو سے ان مقاصد کے حصول کےلیے مایوس ہوئے جو اسلام کی نشاۃ ثانیہ کےلیے ان کے پیش نظر تھے تو پھرایک طرف انہوں نے دارالمصنفین اعظم گڑھ پر توجہ دی تو دوسری طرف مدرستہ الاصلاح سرائے میر کو مرکز تعلیم بنانے کی جدوجہد کی تاکہ ان مقاصد کو حاصل کیا جاسکے جو دینی اور دنیاوی تناظر سے قابل قبول ہوں۔
۱۹۱۴ء کے اوئل میں جب شبلی نعمانی ہر طرف سے کٹ کر اعظم گڑھ میں معتکف ہوگئے تو انہوں نے مدرسہ کی بہتری کی طرف توجہ کی ایک طرف تو انہوں نے حمیدالدین فراہی کو مدرسہ کی سرپرستی کی دعوت دی تو دوسری طرف اپنے ایک لائق شاگرد شبلی متکلم ندوی کو مدرسہ کا مہتمم مقرر کیا۔[
The Preservation and Authenticity of Ḥadīth As a Source of Sīrah: A Critique of Robert Spencer’S Views on Historicity of Muḥammad
The account of the deeds and sayings of the prophet (ﷺ) has been carefully preserved since the dawn of Islam. This is what actually led Ernest Renan to believe that “[Islam] was born in the full light of history”, and that the life of Muḥammad (ﷺ) can be known as explicitly as that of any sixteenth century reformer. Notwithstanding, some contemporary writers doubt the historicity of Muḥammad (ﷺ) ; Robert Spencer is one of them. He is an American author. He is quite famous for his criticism of Islam and the prophet of Islam. He has published twelve books so far. He is a member of Melkite Greek Catholic Church. He contends that Muḥammad’s (ﷺ) historical value is in no way greater and more reliable than mythological figures or characters such as Robin Hood and Macbeth. He maintains that the very idea of subjecting the traditionally accepted account of the life of Muḥammad (ﷺ) and the origins of Islam will be regarded by many Muslims as an affront. To substantiate his argument, he rigorously criticizes the historical value of ḥadīth. He argues that aḥādīth were fabricated and compiled in the third century. He maintains that aḥādīth were concocted much later to be used as weapons in political strife and religious controversies. This paper is an academic attempt to prove that aḥādīth were painstakingly preserved and for that purpose various techniques were employed. Besides, it also sheds light on the reasons for the fabrication of aḥādīth and the ways and means utilized for sifting the genuine aḥādīth from forgeries. Findings of this article suggest that the minute details of the life of Muḥammad (ﷺ) have been scrupulously preserved; hence aḥādīth can be used as a reliable source of Sīrah. Mathematical Model to Handle the Complex Situation in Any Organizational System
In an industrial organization, Management experience extra ordinary and multifaceted situations pertain to expenditures that are directly and indirectly related to the organization. Addressing problems, running the organization in an effective manner and making it profitable, is one of the foremost obligations of an organization. In order to facilitate the management, and to deal with the problems, an effort has been made to develop a Mathematical model conducive to their environment based on Operational Research Techniques. The core idea of the design involves deep analysis of the entire system and subsequently decision making rule for remedial measures. The linear optimization, being an important technique of OR shall play a pivotal role in the entire scenario to handle the complexities in an organization and also suggest solutions for the improvement of the situation in accordance with the set goals/objectives.