Developing An Improved Heart Rate Monitor With Work-Out Training Android Application And Real Time Audio Coaching

TechnoHeart is a digital way of monitoring heart rate using a Heart Rate Monitor device and an android phone. Moreover, this is made more special through its work-out training which is designed to help users set and achieve their target heart rate and monitor at what training intensity they are during a strenuous exercise. The training is made more interactive as the application has its real-time audio coaching. The need for this application comes from three sources; First, some athletes, non-athletes and even doctors are still using the traditional way of getting the heart rate; Second, training intensity is not monitored and target heart rate is not achieved; Third, most mobile developments do not tailor the need of users who undergo work-out training. With the following needs, objectives were set; First, to connect an HRM (Heart Rate Monitoring) device to an android mobile device and display individual’s heart rate in digital form through mobile; Second, to create a work-out training program using the Karvonen Formula; Third, to enable users know one’s target heart rate by using a Karvonen calculator; Fourth, to notify users in real time with every sudden change and the needed action in order to keep an effective training exercise. The project is to explore this and other similar concepts to develop a design that optimally satisfies all of these objectives. The project addresses all of these objectives while meeting the constraints given. The project was deployed in three different sets of users: The University of Mindanao Athletes, The elderly users aging from 50-80 years old and the other users aging from 12-49 years old. The researchers recommend the use of TechnoHeart for athletes and non-athletes who are aiming for an effective cardiovascular training. And for the next researchers, they can focus on the compatibility of the said application to other mobile platforms like iOS, Blackberry, Windows and etc. And also, they may upload application in the internet such as in social networking sites or any features that would make this project more usable.

Fabrication and Characterization of Ytterbium and Transition Metal Cations Doped Bifeo3 Multiferroics

This dissertation presents the effect of ytterbium (Yb), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) doping on the structural, spectral, magnetic, electrical, dielectric and photocatalytic properties of BiFeO3 (BFO). The micro-emulsion synthesis route along with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used to synthesize BiFeO3 multiferroic. The doping was made to enhance various properties of BiFeO3. A pure phase sample of BFO was achieved with reaction conditions; a molar concentration ratio 1:1 between precursors and CTAB. The optimized annealing temperature was found at 900 ºC for 7 h. The crystallite size was found to be ~ 18 nm. The synthesized BFo has optical band gap ~ 2.6 eV and resistivity 1.005 x 109 Ωcm-1. In first series (BYCFO) (Bi1-xYbxCoyFe1-yO3) nanocrystalline ytterbium and cobalt were co-doped in BiFeO3. The doping concentrations were arranged in sequential increasing order as follows x = 0.00, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125 and y = 0.00, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25. Each series comprises on six samples. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated normal growth habitat Rhombohedral (R3c) phase. The inclusion of ytterbium and cobalt ions in BiFeO3 was observed by XRD. The incorporation of higher concentration of Yb3+ and Co3+ ions (x= 0.125, y= 0.25) revealed few extra peaks. The magnetic properties were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The inclusion of Yb and Co enhanced saturation magnetization (Ms) = 0.385 emu/g, remnant magnetization (Mr) = 0.13 emu/g and corecivity = 405 KOe which is higher as compared to the pure BiFeO3. The grain size was found in the range of 20- 24 nm. The dopants appreciably impeded the dielectric loss and dielectric parameters in the low frequency region and resonance peaks were appeared in the spectra at higher frequency (1.98 GHz) region. The optical band gap was found to be 1.5 eV which was lower than pure (2.15eV). The optimized photocatalytic performance of (Bi0.875Yb0.125Co0.25Fe0.75O3) was found 42 %. In second series (Bi1-xYbxNiyFe1-yO3), Yb and Ni were co-doped in BiFeO3. The XRD analysis indicated that the diffraction peak (006) at 2θ = 38.85° exhibited the normal Rhombohedral (R3c) structure. It was observed that diffraction peaks (204) and (110) at the diffraction angle (2θ) = 31.56 ° and 32.74 ° for concentrations of dopants x =0.10, y = 0.20. The spectra for further doping of dopants x=0.125 and y = 0.25 showed the disappearance of diffraction peak (006) and appearance of diffraction peak (111) at 2θ =27° which showed a phase transformation from Rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase. The measured grain size was 24 nm and UV/visible scan showed λmax = 400 nm with optical band gap of 1.25. The maximum resistivity was found ~ 1.4 x109 Ω- cm. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss disclosed a solid distribution at low frequencies and the leakage current density was suppressed with an increase in dopants cations. The photocatalytic performance of this series was higher as compared to the previous series (66 %) for 0.5 ppm of Congo red and time interval 51minutes. The band gap was enhanced to (1.25 eV). The ceramic was separated through a magnet bar and recycled after water washing. The comparison between two series was distinct. The particle size of BYCFO ranges from 20 to 24.37 nm but BYNFO series showed a particle size in a short range between 21 to 23.78 nm. The BYNFO series have maximum resistivity ranges 1.2x 109 Ω-cm. The BYCFO series resistivity 2.56 x 1010 Ωcm-1is 10 times higher than nickel doped series. The optical band gap showed a significant decrease for BYNFO series (1.25 eV) as compared to BYCFO (1.5 eV). The BYNFO nanocrystalline series showed a photo degradation efficiency of 66 % which was higher than the BYCFO nanocrystalline series. BYCFO showed maximum magnetization of 0.354 emu/g, corecivity 405 KOe, remanant magnetization ~ 0.115 emu/g for dopants concentration (x =0.125, y = 0.25).