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Sinkhole Attack Prevention and Mitigation in Wireless Sensor Network

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Adeel Ashraf

Institute

Virtual University of Pakistan

Institute Type

Public

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Software Engineering

Language

English

Link

http://vspace.vu.edu.pk/detail.aspx?id=269

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676721010905

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WSNs may be described as self-composed networks without the emergence of any fundamental regulator. Because of this property, protection and power consumption are main issues of WSNs. The security attacks are triggered by the malicious nodes which enter the network. Two categories of safety intrusions are active and passive. Sinkhole intrusion comes in the category of active intrusion. During sinkhole attack, the malicious nodes spoof identity of the base station and act like base station. The sensor nodes start transmitting data to malicious nodes instead of base station. In the existing system, the technique of monitor mode and mutual authentication are proposed for isolating the malicious nodes present in WSN. In the projected study, a novel approach is designed for detection and isolation of attacker sensor nodes from the system. Identity verification is the base of projected approach. Ns2 is used for the implementation of algorithm and results are analyzed in by means of throughput, package trouncing and power. Various investigations indicated that throughput of the projected technique is high in comparison with presented technique. The energy consumption of projected technique is fewer in comparison with accessible technique. Packet loss in case of existing technique is high as compared to proposed technique.
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اردو صوت شناسی از محمد حسنین عسکری

اردو صوت شناسی از محمد حسنین عسکری

؏وہی جہاں تیرا ہے جس کو تو کرے پیدا

(بالِ جبریل)

زبان اور قلم دنیا میں انسان کی پہچان کے دو بنیادی ذرائع ہیں  جو قدرت نے عطا فرمائے ہیں۔دہن میں زبان آلہ صوت کے طور پر کام کرتی ہے۔ جو باہم گفت گو کے لیے استعمال ہوتی ہے۔زبان سے جو بامعنی آواز ادا ہوتی ہے وہ حروفِ تہجی سے جُڑے ہوئےالفاظ کو خاص لہجے اور مخارج کے تحت سامعین تک منتقل کر رہی ہوتی ہے۔زبان سے متعلق منظم علم لسانیات کہلاتا ہے۔لسانیات ایسے قواعد وضع کرتی ہے جس سے کسی بھی زبان کو کم وقت اور آسانی سے سیکھا جا سکتا ہے۔لسانیات کا سب سے اہم اور بنیادی موضوع صوتیات ہے۔

        صوتیات میں زبان کی مختلف آوازوں  کی شاخت،درجہ بندی اور حروف کی پہچان کو زیرِ بحث لایا جاتا ہے۔صوتیات میں اُن تمام انسانی آوازوں کا مطالعہ کیا جاتا ہے جو سمجھی جا سکتی ہیں۔ زندگی کے ہر شعبہ میں ترقی کے لیے وہاں ماہرِ لسانیات کا ہونا از حد ضروری ہے۔محترم و مکرم پروفیسر ڈاکٹر سیّد اشفاق حسین بخاری کی نگرانی میں لکھا گیا یہ محمد حسنین عسکری صاحب کا ایم فل مقالہ لسانیا ت و صوتیات کی تفہیم ، تدریس،تحقیق اور تاریخ کے میدان میں ایک سنگِ میل کی حیثیت  رکھتا ہے۔ موصوف سکالر نے  اس میں لسانیات کا جامع تعارف، لسانیات کی تاریخ،لسانیات کی شاخیں، صوتیات کی تعریف،صوتیات کی شاخیں،صوتیاتی اصطلاحات، مصوتوں اور مصمتوں  کا نظام اور سیر حاصل محاکمہ پیش فرمایا ہے۔لسانیات و صوتیات کی ابجد کے علم سے موجودہ ترقی کار تک واضع انداز میں تجزیہ و تبصرہ اس مقالہ میں شامل ہے۔اردو، انگریزی،عربی، فارسی کے جملہ شعبہ جات کے طلبہ و اساتذہ کرام کے لیے یہ ایک...

غزوات میں رسولِ مجاہدﷺ کی جغرافیائی حکمت عملی

Allah selected Muhammad ﷺ trained by wahi provided it with all the knowledge required for any creation. Either it is any kind of Science, engineering, medical, war strategy, defense plan or any known/Unknown direction of human guidance. At last one must have to say that any precise or authentic yield of the research/effort just turn the page of Hadith or a verse of Quran no more than this. The war strategy of Muhammad ﷺ is wondering throughout the world even in such an advance time, mostly is depends upon. Initially Muhammadا started journey with the preaching of Islam, people were expecting it is too poor. How will be fruitful. It is help of Allah, constant efforts & strategy that prove whole story. This world became more stay able and more secure, was never before in the history of the mankind. Now in this age deviation from the way of Muhammadا will bring the world closer to an irreversible explosion, all the Muslim/Non-Muslim collectively believe in.

The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital in Relationship Between Intellectual Capital and Organizational Performance

Human resource has become the most valuable possessions of any organization for their long-term survival and for becoming competitive. Now organizations main focus is on the development, retention, and management of human resource in such a way that will have more productive and profitable impacts on organization performance. In 21st century concepts like organizational performance and its relation with human resource management has become the most demanding research topics. To this end, the present study highlighted the important contribution of the psychological resources of employees in organizational performance. The main purpose of this study was to determine the mediating effect of psychological capital in the relationship between intellectual capital and organization performance with reference to the software industry with Pakistan?s context. Survey type of research was applied for data collection through a questionnaire. A convenience sample of 320 software developers from software companies registered with P@SHA participated in this research and data was analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistics.This quantitative study was built on the theoretical foundation of resource-based theory and social network theory and also advocates the mediation model of Andrew Hayes for reporting the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance Consistent with previous literature correlation results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the three constructs. Moreover,the regression analysis results confirmed that psychological capital mediates the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance. It is concluded from results insertion of psychological not only increase organizational performance, but it also boosts the intellectual capital of employees. So, it is empirically confirmed that the development of psychological resources of employees has multiple positive impacts on employees and organizational performance. Keywords: Intellectual capital, Psychological capital, Organizational performance, Networking theory, Mediation, Gender