کہتے ہیں اس جہاں کے یہ قصے حقیر ہیں
جاناں تمھارے خواب بھی کتنے شریر ہیں
ہم آسمانِ زیست کے تابندہ لوگ تھے
ہم تیرے در پہ آ کے بنے جو فقیر ہیں
مصرع کمر ہے، شعر سی تصویر ہے تری
تجھ خوبرو کو دیکھنے آئے جو میرؔ ہیں
تیری رضا پہ ہے سرِ تسلیم خم مرا
تجھ زلف کے اے شوخ پرانے اسیر ہیں
گل ہو، گہر ہو، لعل ہو یا پورا چاند ہو
جاناں تمھارے حسن کے آگے حقیر ہیں
بزمِ فضاؔ میں ناز کا کیا کام گل بدن
یاں آئے بادشاہ بھی بن کر فقیر ہیں
Islam is the only religion which is complete code of life. The needs of human beings have been felt and addressed properly. In spite of created by only one creator humans are different in their potentials, behavior and attitude. Owing to this difference, the incomes of people are drastically different from each other. As a result, a few people are rich and well off whereas some are poor- being up to sustenance level. Therefore, people cooperate with each other to eliminate the class differences of social strata. In this perspective, Islam has given an invulnerable perfect socio-economic system. For mutual cooperation, Islam has also addressed the issue and suggested different steps such as madharabah, partnership and tenancy. Bedsides Islam has also focused on secondary resources of mutual cooperation and support that are typically related to the personal concern. It includes: sacrifice, gift, free lending and Qarz-e- Hasanah etc. It also reflects that the man gives precedence to congregational matters over his individuality which is an ample example of mutual cooperation. In fact, mutual cooperation is one of those key factors on which the edifice of prosperous society is built. All religions and ideologies have focused and emphasized on the mutual cooperation; however, Islam lays extra emphasis to build a strong and thriving human state.
In present study pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two brands of cefixime i.e. Cefspan and Ceforal-3 were investigated in adult healthy female and male subjects. Plasma concentration of Cefixime was determined by HPLC method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated following one compartment open model. The half life values were found 3.99±0.54 hr and 3.12±0.39 hr in local adult female subjects and 5.01±0.361 hr and 4.72±0.72 hr in healthy adult male subjects following administration of Cefspan and Ceforal-3, respectively. The values of Vd in local adult female and male volunteers were 1.38±0.22 l/kg and 1.10±0.15 l/kg, respectively, for Cefspan and 1.36±0.17 l/kg and 1.29±0.21 l/kg, respectively, for Ceforal-3. The values of ClB for Cefspan and Ceforal-3 were 0.27±0.02 l/hr/kg and 0.31±0.02 l/hr/kg, respectively, in local females and 0.16±0.02 l/hr/kg and 0.21±0.04 l/hr/kg, respectively, in local males. The values of Cmax were found 2.24±0.23 μg/ml and 2.08±0.16 μg/ml in local adult female subjects and 2.93±0.24 μg/ml and 2.53±0.31 μg/ml in healthy adult male subjects for cefspan and ceforal-3, respectively. The values of Tmax were 4.05±0.35 hr and 4.11±0.16 hr for cefspan and 3.87±0.32 hr and 3.95±0.26 hr for Ceforal-3 after oral administration in local adult female and male volunteers, respectively. The values of AUC for Cefspan and Ceforal -3 were 27.12±2.25 μg.hr/ml and 23.99±1.07 μg.hr/ml, respectively, in local females and 36.58±3.10 μg.hr/ml and 32.99±5.01 μg.hr/ml, respectively, in local males. In indigenous male and female human beings, pharmacokinetic and bioavailability parameters of cefixime showed different values than those reported in literature reflecting environmental and genetic influence. Pharmacokinetic and bioavailability parameters of cefixime also showed gender variation. Moreover both brands of cefixime used in present study were found bioequivalent in either gender.