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Developing Teacher Training Curricula to Promote Ecological Awareness at Tertiary Education

Thesis Info

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External Link

Author

Sultan, Sohaib

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/8193/1/Sohaib%20Sultan%20Education%20Complete%20Thesis%20Pdf.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724608952

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Thesis Title: Developing Teacher Training Curricula to Promote Ecological Awareness at Tertiary Education This research had been planned to develop the Teacher Training Curricula to respond to the society’s call to promote ecological Awareness at tertiary education. The aim was to help produce more knowledgeable, motivated and responsible teachers and active citizens through improved and sustainable teacher education. The researcher proposed to adopt the Curriculum Development route to secure this objective. The researcher had based his approach on a combination of a model presented by Hungerford and Volk (1990). In broad general terms the curriculum development task of this nature had adopted constructivist approach of learning theory. The research had undertaken the task of developing and proving a curriculum pertaining to one of the courses that may be taught as part of Teachers’ training curriculum. The course thus developed had been purpose-designed to enhance ecological awareness among trainee teachers. An Awareness scale had measured the pre-test and post-test levels of ecological awareness and relative gain had been used as an indicator of the success of the class experiment. The prosecution of central hypotheses had followed a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Curriculum development process had been guided by the following framework: (1) Review of Literature to establish the state of research on the subject, (2) content analysis of the prevailing curriculum in one of the ICT Teachers Training Institutes, (3) Development of the curriculum and the teaching contents/materials of one of the courses especially oriented to enhance ecological awareness in trainee teachers, (4) Class experiment, (5) assessment of gain, and (6) assessment of the success of the class experiment. The study had been significant in enhancing the effectiveness of teachers’ training curricula in promoting ecological concerns at tertiary level of education. It had been expected that trainee teachers made conscious of their environmental responsibilities would help educate our future generations along these lines and produce environmentally responsible citizens. This would in turn help achieve national agenda on environmental protection aimed at preventing further damage to environment and initiating a recovery. Key Words (1) Environmental Science, (2) Environmental Activism, (3) Environmental Advocacy, and (4) Environmental Justice
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کہتے ہیں اس جہاں کے یہ قصے حقیر ہیں

کہتے ہیں اس جہاں کے یہ قصے حقیر ہیں
جاناں تمھارے خواب بھی کتنے شریر ہیں

ہم آسمانِ زیست کے تابندہ لوگ تھے
ہم تیرے در پہ آ کے بنے جو فقیر ہیں

مصرع کمر ہے، شعر سی تصویر ہے تری
تجھ خوبرو کو دیکھنے آئے جو میرؔ ہیں

تیری رضا پہ ہے سرِ تسلیم خم مرا
تجھ زلف کے اے شوخ پرانے اسیر ہیں

گل ہو، گہر ہو، لعل ہو یا پورا چاند ہو
جاناں تمھارے حسن کے آگے حقیر ہیں

بزمِ فضاؔ میں ناز کا کیا کام گل بدن
یاں آئے بادشاہ بھی بن کر فقیر ہیں

اسلامی معیشت اور امداد باہمی کا تصور

Islam is the only religion which is complete code of life. The needs of human beings have been felt and addressed properly. In spite of created by only one creator humans are different in their potentials, behavior and attitude. Owing to this difference, the incomes of people are drastically different from each other. As a result, a few people are rich and well off whereas some are poor- being up to sustenance level. Therefore, people cooperate with each other to eliminate the class differences of social strata. In this perspective, Islam has given an invulnerable perfect socio-economic system. For mutual cooperation, Islam has also addressed the issue and suggested different steps such as madharabah, partnership and tenancy. Bedsides Islam has also focused on secondary resources of mutual cooperation and support that are typically related to the personal concern. It includes: sacrifice, gift, free lending and Qarz-e- Hasanah etc. It also reflects that the man gives precedence to congregational matters over his individuality which is an ample example of mutual cooperation. In fact, mutual cooperation is one of those key factors on which the edifice of prosperous society is built. All religions and ideologies have focused and emphasized on the mutual cooperation; however, Islam lays extra emphasis to build a strong and thriving human state.

Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Cefixime in Healthy Male and Female Volunteers

In present study pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two brands of cefixime i.e. Cefspan and Ceforal-3 were investigated in adult healthy female and male subjects. Plasma concentration of Cefixime was determined by HPLC method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated following one compartment open model. The half life values were found 3.99±0.54 hr and 3.12±0.39 hr in local adult female subjects and 5.01±0.361 hr and 4.72±0.72 hr in healthy adult male subjects following administration of Cefspan and Ceforal-3, respectively. The values of Vd in local adult female and male volunteers were 1.38±0.22 l/kg and 1.10±0.15 l/kg, respectively, for Cefspan and 1.36±0.17 l/kg and 1.29±0.21 l/kg, respectively, for Ceforal-3. The values of ClB for Cefspan and Ceforal-3 were 0.27±0.02 l/hr/kg and 0.31±0.02 l/hr/kg, respectively, in local females and 0.16±0.02 l/hr/kg and 0.21±0.04 l/hr/kg, respectively, in local males. The values of Cmax were found 2.24±0.23 μg/ml and 2.08±0.16 μg/ml in local adult female subjects and 2.93±0.24 μg/ml and 2.53±0.31 μg/ml in healthy adult male subjects for cefspan and ceforal-3, respectively. The values of Tmax were 4.05±0.35 hr and 4.11±0.16 hr for cefspan and 3.87±0.32 hr and 3.95±0.26 hr for Ceforal-3 after oral administration in local adult female and male volunteers, respectively. The values of AUC for Cefspan and Ceforal -3 were 27.12±2.25 μg.hr/ml and 23.99±1.07 μg.hr/ml, respectively, in local females and 36.58±3.10 μg.hr/ml and 32.99±5.01 μg.hr/ml, respectively, in local males. In indigenous male and female human beings, pharmacokinetic and bioavailability parameters of cefixime showed different values than those reported in literature reflecting environmental and genetic influence. Pharmacokinetic and bioavailability parameters of cefixime also showed gender variation. Moreover both brands of cefixime used in present study were found bioequivalent in either gender.