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Financial Liberalization and its Impact on Economic Growth of Pakistan

Thesis Info

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Author

Shabir, Samina

Program

PhD

Institute

Pakistan Institute of Development Economics

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Economics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/958

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724717881

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This dissertation is an attempt to contribute theoretically and empirically in the area of research regarding financial liberalization and economic growth for Pakistan. On account of growing importance of financial liberalization in the promotion of growth in the developed and emerging economies and dearth of significant literature on this topic in the case of Pakistan, the present study examines the impact of financial liberalization on economic growth. The thesis investigates both the domestic and external components of the financial liberalization process and their impact on economic growth of Pakistan. The dissertation in particular develops an index of domestic financial liberalization using the technique of principal component analysis. The index captures the important dimension of reform process and quantifies the impact of domestic financial liberalization on growth. The external financial liberalization is examined through the de jure and de facto measures of external financial liberalization. The dissertation develops a quantitative measure of external financial openness through de jure approach on the basis of information under the capital account liberalization. The de facto measure of external financial liberalization is based on the work of Lane and Ferretti (2006) while the data for remaining years are updated utilizing their methodology. A joint impact of both the domestic and external components of financial liberalization (showing an overall impact of financial liberalization on growth) is also examined through the measure of domestic financial liberalization index and de facto measure of external financial liberalization. The results of the study indicate a positive impact of composite index of domestic financial liberalization on economic growth. External financial liberalization when measured through de jure approach positively impacts economic growth. However, the de facto measure shows a negative association between external financial openness and economic growth. The empirical results finally report an overall positive impact of financial liberalization on economic growth examined by including both the domestic and external components of financial liberalization. The positive impact of financial liberalization on economic growth is on account of financial intermediation, financial deepening and easy access to capital brought through domestic and external liberalization. However, to get more pronounced benefits out of liberalization process, financial sector needs more strengthening both at the domestic and external fronts.
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۳۰۔ جلتا ضبط

جلتاضبط

آج بچھڑتے وقت وہ ستم کیش

مجھ سے باربار گلے مل رہا تھا

اس کی آنکھیں دھواں دھواں تھیں

شاید میری طرح اس کا ضبط بھی جل رہا تھا

The Impact of the Prophetic Sunnah on Character Building of an Individual Person

Character building of a person is very necessary to make any society better, healthier and superior as the construction of society depends upon the people's character building. A number of crime cases are evident that the character of most people is already in alarming phase. However family members, society, Islamic schools mad?ris, universities, and cultural activities can play vital role in character building. Improvement in our current situation as well as development of our future depends upon the building of people character. This study aims to highlight the impact of the Prophetic Sunnah and to show its effective role in building the character of a person individual through the selection of practical models of the true Sunnah, for example, showing great care for all aspects of human such as materialistic, mental and spiritual aspects. If we really want to improve our society or turn it to perfection, people will have to focus on character building, particularly on people's moral, spiritual and social character so that society can present the real portrait of peace and prosperity. This study concluded that the Prophetic Sunnah is rich in the educational principles which preceded the contemporary research and theories, making it first reference as a basic requirement.

Exploring the Sources of Personal Visions of Educational Leaders and How Their Visions Reflect in Their Leadership Practices

Some of the authors argue that one of the most powerful foundations for educational reform is having a focused personal vision. It provides direction and gives meaning to our work. All leaders have the capacity to create a compelling vision but few of them have the ability to transform their visions into reality. The question arises here that what are the sources, which influence educational leaders to develop their focused personal visions. Similarly, how their leadership practices are different from leaders who do not have focused personal visions. Thus, this study seeks to explore the sources which influence educational leaders to develop their focused personal visions and how they enact their visions through leadership practices. The study employed comparative case study approach. Information was gathered through semi-structured interviews, observations and document analysis. Two educational leaders of different organizations in Karachi were the primary research participants. Two staff members of each organization were also interviewed to find out their views about the leadership practices of their leaders. Their personal visions were to enhance the capacities of teachers and teacher education programme. The findings of the study suggested that personal values, interests, needs and beliefs influenced both educational leaders to develop their focused personal visions. Religious, social and cultural sources were found the prominent influencing factors of both educational leaders' personal visions. Both the educational leaders developed their own educational organizations to enact their personal visions. The findings also revealed that the educational leaders also have had the leadership style of strategic, empowering and emancipating outlook i-e both of them believed in developing shared visions, collaborative decision making, individual stimulation, setting directions and providing professional development opportunities. The study makes recommendations of: 1) exploring how personal visions are transformed into shared vision of the organization; 2) a quantitative study can be conducted on exploring the sources of personal visions; 3) exploring the practices of visionary leaders could be another interesting study.