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Home > Respresentation of Azad Khyal Ashrafia in 19Th Century Urdu Prose

Respresentation of Azad Khyal Ashrafia in 19Th Century Urdu Prose

Thesis Info

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Author

Ms. Gull-I-Hina Aslam

Program

PhD

Institute

Government College University

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

History & geography

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13117/1/Gull-i-Hina_aslam_History_HSR_2016_GCU_Lahore_20.8.2018.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724985690

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Literature has become a credible source for writing History by which we can explore the past, and in the light of that we can analyze our present, which helps us to have proper perspective for the future. Literature provides us with a prism through which the changes accruing to the value can be identified. Literature is indeed a tool of hastening the process of history. Such monumental events like reformation and renaissance in Europe could be made possible through the endeavors of laureates. Besides, history and literature are complimentary to each other in particular respect to the social history. To trace the social history of the populations, prose writin gs provide the basic information related to contemporary issues, culture of ruling elite and the extent of their relationship with the masses. Thus, nineteenth century Urdu literature verily was an instrument for the renaissance among the Ashrafia (Muslim aristocratic) class. Urdu prose writers pushed their pens, depicting the state of Muslim elite which was the central theme of the literary activities in Delhi and Lucknow. In Urdu prose Deputy Nazir Ahmed was the harbinger of that particular trend. He brou ght into his literary focus the culture, language and lifestyle of the Delhi Ashraf in his writings and set out to explore the merits and demerits in their weltanschauung. Lukhnow was the other centre where Urdu literature flourished in the nineteenth cent ury and Rattan Nath Sarshar was the key laureate. Both, Nazir Ahmed and Sarshar gave a good account of the Ashraf which was being influenced by the western lifestyle and also clinging onto the tradition. Both the authors have demonstrated quite adroitly the complex state that Ashrafia had been caught up with. Hence their works and the central themes that they had engaged with, forms the central focus of this study.
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آج کے بچے کی خواہشات

آج کے بچے کی خواہشات
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز سامعین اور میرے ہم مکتب شاہینو! آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کی دعوت دی گئی ہے وہ ہے:’’آج کے بچے کی خواہشات‘‘
ہزاروں خواہشیں ایسی کہ ہر خواہش پہ دم نکلے
بہت نکلے مِرے ارمان لیکن پھر بھی کم نکلے
صاحبِ صدر!
خواہش، تمنا ، آرزو ایسے الفاظ ہیں جو کسی نہ کسی شکل میں انسان کے ساتھ وابستہ رہتے ہیں۔ زندگی کے ابتدائی ایّام سے لے کر تادمِ زیست کوئی ذی روح اس سے بے نیاز نہیں ہوسکتا، کسی کا قد چھوٹا ہو یا کسی کا قد سرو قد کے مماثل ہو، کوئی دبلا پتلا ہو یا کوئی لحیم شحیم، کسی کا رنگ سیاہ ہو یا کسی کا سرخ و سفید خواہش کے معاملہ میں سب میں اشتراک پایا جاتا ہے۔
صدرِذی وقار!
خواہش ہر ایک میں ہوتی ہے خواہ نوعیت کے اعتبار سے اختلاف ہی کیوں نہ ہو، عالمِ شباب میں خواہش اور تمناؤں کا سمندر جوبن پر ہوتا ہے، اس زمانے میں اُٹھتی ہوئی موجوں کا جو بن دیکھنے کے قابل ہوتا ہے، اسی دور میں نوجوان پہاڑوں کا سینہ چیرکر نہر نکالنے کا جذبہ رکھتے ہیں ، عمر رسیدہ حضرات کی خواہش منفرد ہوتی ہے۔
محترم صدر!
بالکل اسی طرح بچے کی خواہشات ہوتی ہیں، شیر خوارگی میں بچے کی خواہش مختلف ہوتی ہے وہ صرف ماں کی مامتاحاصل کرنے کا متمنی ہوتا ہے، اس کی عظیم سے عظیم تر خواہش ماں کے ساتھ لیٹنا، ماں کی لوری سننا، بے معنی آواز یں نکال کر ماں کو دودھ پلانے کا احساس دلانا ہوتی ہے۔ شیر خوارگی کی عمر سے نکلتا ہے تو اس کی خواہش میں تبدیلی رونما ہونا شروع ہو جاتی ہے۔...

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