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Development and Evaluation of Thermo-Reversible Subcutaneous and Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System

Thesis Info

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Author

Nasir, Fazli

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Peshawar

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2012

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Applied Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/2013

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725858767

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The aim and objective of the study was to develop and evaluate biodegradable polymer drug delivery system that is capable of extended the drug release for prolong period of time at predetermined rate and being a free flowing solution at room temperature and converts to gel with increase in temperature. In the current study four polymers (Poloxamer 407, Methyl cellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polyethylene glycol) were used alone and in combination with each other in different ratios. Pluronic PF-127 (Poloxamer 407) and methylcellulose (MC) gels below 37oC at appropriate concentrations (P= 18% w/v, 20%w/v, MC=4%w/v, PM=15/3%w/v, MPG3/2w/v and MPG1.5/10% w/v). To evaluate the efficacy of the in-situ thermoreversible formulations in controlling the drug release three drugs diclofenac sodium (hydrophobic), timolol maleate (hydrophilic) and insulin (protein) were selected. The in-situ gels were evaluated for their physical properties like Tsol-gel, viscosity, clarity of solution and gel. The drug delivery system was also evaluated for drug content, in-vitro drug release and pharmacokinetic parameters were also determine with in-vivo studies. The data obtained for drug content after autoclaving the solutions indicates that autoclaving results in degradation of DS while it has no significant effect on TM.To predict the drug release kinetics and mechanism various mathematical models were applied to the in-vitro dissolution data. To predict the pharmacokinetic parameters Pk- Summit software was used. Based upon the in-vitro and In-vivo data it was concluded that the system consisting of the poloxamer 407 in concentration of 20% (DP20 and TP20) are the most capable formulation for extending the drug release and maintaining therapeutic blood level of DS and TM for longer duration. While the formulation IPM15/3 consisting of 15%w/v poloxamer 406 and 3% MC w/v retarded the drug release and maintaining the plasma insulin in steady state for longer duration of time. The results obtained in current study suggests that the HPLC-UV method developed is sensitive and rapid method for the determination of DS and TM in pharmaceutical preparation and physiological fluids (plasma, AH). The data also suggests that the studied polymers Poloxamer, MC and PG are good candidate to extend the drug release possessing a unique thermoreversible property. The physical data obtained during the experimental work indicates that the studied in-situ thermorevesible sol-gel formulations were capable to retard the release of these drugs. The drug delivery systems were smart enough to be used for the administration of the studied drugs through subcutaneous and ophthalmic routes.
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مولانا سید احمد مہاجر مدنی

مولانا سید احمدمہاجر مدنی
ہمیں یہ معلوم کرکے بے حد افسوس ہواکہ پچھلے دنوں حضرت مولانا حسین احمد صاحب مدنی کے برادر بزرگ مولانا سید احمد صاحب مہاجر مدنی جوار نبوی میں ایک عرصہ مدید کے قیام ہجرت کے بعد پچھلے دنوں رہ گزائے عالم جادوانی ہوگئے۔ آں ممدوح کی تعریف میں مختصراً یہ کہنا کافی ہوگا کہ آپ صحیح معنی میں مولانا حسین احمد صاحب کے بڑے بھائی تھے۔عادات واطوار میں اسلاف کرام کا نمونہ تھے۔آپ کا عظیم الشان کارنامہ مدینہ طیبہ میں ایک شاندار دینی وصنعتی مدرسہ کاقیام ہے جس میں اس بلدۂ مطہرہ کے غریب بچے دینی اور صنعتی تعلیم حاصل کرکے سامان معادومعاش پیداکرتے ہیں۔ حق تعالیٰ آں مرحوم کوصدیقین و شہدا کے مراتب عالیہ سے شرف اندوز فرمائے اورپسماندگان کوصبر جمیل کی توفیق ارزاں ہو۔ رحمہ اﷲ رحمۃً واسعۃ ً۔ [جنوری ۱۹۴۰ء]

The Study of Possible Shariah Non Compliance Risks of Ijarah Along With Their Risk Management Mechanism

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Analysis of Cytochrome Oxidase-I Gene in Tilapia Fish Species Tilapia Zillii

DNA barcoding is a technique concerned with the classification of things that is done with the help of small gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species in organisms mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA) which is helpful in recognition of meticulous species. It uses sequence variety in a 658-base pair fragment near the 5? end of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene as a means for species recognition. DNA barcoding is a more defined and steady method in comparison with the classification based on the form and structure of the organism. It is equally useful in any stage of life cycle of fishes. The present research project was designed to recognize tilapia fish species (Tilapia zillii) of Pakistan genetically. Blood samples (n=30) were collected from Tilapia fish and genomic DNA was extracted and confirmed by 1% agarose gel. A short segment of COI gene (680bp) was amplified. PCR products were sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatics tools. Number of the haplotypes was 7. The haplotype diversity was Hd: 0.584 while nucleotide diversity was Pi: 0.00244. The mean intraspecific K2P genetic distance was 0.019. The estimated transition/transversion bias R was 1.40 that showed that this species possess very low genetic diversity. COI may supply a landmark for the classification of associated species at molecular level. As tilapia is extensively used for food and many other purposes so use of DNA barcoding technique is very helpful in discriminating it from other correlated fish species. It will also reduce the chance of mislabeling of tilapia fish species during its trading internationally as well as the species assessment at national level.