Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > Development of Food Grade Colloidal System for Delivery of Vitamin a and D

Development of Food Grade Colloidal System for Delivery of Vitamin a and D

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Mehmood, Tahir

Program

PhD

Institute

Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University

City

Rawalpindi

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Food Science & Technology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10186/1/Tahir%20Mehmood_Food%20Tech_2018_PMAS_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725873762

Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.

Similar


Nutritional deficiency of vitamin A and D is causing a lot of problems in the world. It is estimated that about one billion people worldwide are either vitamin D deficient or have insufficient vitamin D intake. In Pakistan about 85% of both pregnant and non-pregnant mothers have been found vitamin D deficient. Apart from this, 5.7 million children below 5 years of age and 42.5 % women were identified as vitamin A deficient in Pakistan. Being food fortification or supplementation a best approach, the food manufacturers are interested in fortifying their products with vitamin A and D. As both vitamins are restricted to fats and oils due to their non-solubility in water. Nanoemulsions are ideal solution to address this problem because this technique enhances the solubility, kinetic stability, bio efficacy and bioavailability of encapsulated material due to their smaller size. The purpose of present study was to fortify beverages with nanoemulsions of vitamin A and D. The nanoemulsions were prepared by using food grade surfactants (Tween 80 and soya lecithin), deionized water and vegetable oil (olive and canola oil). Preparation conditions for beta carotene and vitamin D nanoemulsions were optimized using response surface methodology. These nanoemulsions were further characterized against different physico-chemical parameters. In vivo study was carried out on animal model to investigate the safety of nanoemulsions. The nanoemulsions based delivery system was used to fortify the beverages with these vitamins. The results manifested that, ideal optimum preparation conditions for beta carotene nanoemulsions were 6.07% surfactant, 4.19 minutes homogenization time and 6.50% oil contents. For vitamin D nanoemulsions, optimum preparation conditions were 4.82 minutes xxii xxii homogenization time, 0.67 surfactant to oil ratio (S/O) and 7% disperse phase volume. During two months of storage studies, these nanoemulsions remained stable against phase separation and creaming. Moreover, droplet size of nanoemulsions stored at 4 °C slowly increased as compared to nanoemulsions stored at 25 °C. Additionally, p-Anisidine value of the vegetable oil (canola and olive oil) incorporated into nanoemulsions were significantly lower as compared to free vegetable oil. These nanoemulsions were stable against droplet aggregation and phase separation over a wide range of pH (2-8), salt concentration (50-400 mM) and temperature (30-80°C). During toxicity study, bi-nuclear assay, multinuclear assay and comet assay did not showed any toxic effect of nanoemulsions on animal models. During last part of study, vitamin beta carotene and vitamin D fortified model beverages was developed successfully. Hence, nanoemulsions based delivery system can be used for fortification of aqueous products with fat soluble vitamins and other nutraceutical compounds.
Loading...
Loading...

Similar Books

Loading...

Similar Chapters

Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...

گاندھی جی

گاندھی جی
آہ!لعل شب چراغ ہند
[گاندھی جی]
گزشتہ چندماہ میں وہ کون سی قیامت تھی جو ہمارے سرپر نہیں ٹوٹی اور مصیبت وادبارکی ایسی کون سی قسم تھی جوہندوستان (۱۵؍ اگست سے پہلے کے ہندوستان) پرنہیں آئی ۔ انسانیت کی دھول اُڑی، مذہب واخلاق کے قصر رفیع کی اینٹ سے اینٹ بجی،جوہرآدمیت وشرافت کی عبائے زرنگار کاایک ایک تار بکھرگیا،امن وعافیت کی کتاب کاورق ورق منتشر ہوا اورآسائش حیات وعزت نفس کی دھجیاں بہیمیت و درندگی کی فضائے تاریک میں پراگندہ ہوکر رہ گئیں۔ لیکن یہ سب کچھ ہونے پربھی شاید پیر فلک کے ذوق ستم وایذارسانی کی تسکین اور اس کے حوصلۂ بیدادکی تشفی نہ ہوسکی کہ اس نے ہندستان کی کلاہِ افتخار کاوہ کوہ نور ہیرا اور خستہ حال انسایت کی قبائے ناموس کاوہ تکمۂ زریں بھی توڑ لیا جوخود غرضی و نفس پرستی کی موجودہ متعفن دنیا میں ہندستان اورانسانیت دونوں کی امیدوں اور تمناؤں کاآخری سہارا اوران کی عظمت رفتہ کی آرزوے بازیافت کاواحد آسرا تھا۔
وزدیست چرخ نقب زن اندرسرائے غم
آرے بہرزہ قامت اوخم نیامدہ است
9آسودگی مجوکہ کسے رابزیر چرخ
اسباب ایں مرادفراہم نیامدہ است
درجامۂ کبود فلک بین وبس بداں
کیں چرخ جز سراچۂ ماتم نیا مدہ است
وادریغاکہ وہ عدم تشدد کادیوتا جس نے سخت سے سخت اشتعال کی حالت میں بھی کبھی اپنے دشمن پر انگلی نہیں اٹھائی ۔امن وعافیت کاوہ منّاد و داعی جس نے شدید سے شدید غیظ وغضب کے موقع پربھی اپنے مخالف کے لیے کوئی دل آزار کلمہ زبان سے نہیں نکالا، وہ انسانیت کاعلم بردارِ حقیقی جوتعصب وتنگ نظری کے جذبات کی فراوانی کے عالم میں بھی ایک کوہِ استقامت اورصبر وتحمل کی چٹان بنا اپنے مقام پر کھڑا رہا ،مذہب واخلاق کاوہ پیکر زریں جس نے حیوانیت ودرندگی کے بحرانِ عظیم میں بھی اپنے قدم کو ایک لمحہ کے...

The Role of Values in Social Change: An Analysis from The Qur’ānic Perspective

In the post-industrial revolution world, social change is often studied and understood in the context of change in means of production, mobility, urbanization and change in the constitution of workforce. Role of ethical values is generally confined to personal conduct and manners. Industrial society is supposed to have its own work ethics which may or may not agree with personal ethics and morality. Ethics and morality are generally considered, in the Western thought, as a social construct. Therefore, with the change in means of production or political system, values and morality are also expected to be re-adjusted in order to cope with the changed environment. Sometimes a totally new set of values emerges as a consequence of the change in economic, political, or legal set up. The present research tries to understand the meaning and place of these values in a global socio-cultural framework. Relying essentially on the divine principles of the Qur'ān it makes an effort to understand relevance of these universal and ultimate principles with human conduct and behavior in society.  It indicates that essentially it is the core values, principles, or norms which guide human beings in their interpersonal, social, economic and political matters. Islam being a major civilizing force, culture, and the way of life, provides values which guide both in individual and social matters. The values given by the Qur’ān and the Sunnah are not monopoly of the Muslim. These values are universal and are relevant in a technological society.

Study of Metabolic Syndrome Susceptibility Genes Through Genetic Screening

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of risk factors which increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The major risk factors of MetS are central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension The CVDs and T2D are the main cause of death worldwide and especially in South Asian countries. An increase prevalence of MetS in Pakistan is an alarming condition. The present study was designed to find out the prevalence of the MetS, assessment of risk phenotypes responsible for MetS and genetic susceptibility of the MetS in the Pakistani population. The questionnaire based physical data and whole blood samples were collected by visiting the Out Patients Departments (OPDs) of different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Biochemical analysis was performed following the standard protocols. Total 9 genes including FTO, LPL, CETP, GCKR, APOA5, ADBR2, FADS2, ADIPOQ, CD36 and 32 SNPs were selected for study. The genotyping of all the SNPs was performed using MassARRAY iPLEX Gold Technology in the Genome Research Center, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. The Statistical analysis of the data was analyzed by using Plink and SPSS softwares. The overall prevalence of MetS was 46% and the males and subjects having advanced age were found to have more risk of developing MetS. Out of 9 genes, the SNPs rs1421085, 1558902 of FTO, rs662799 of APOA5 and rs780094 of GCKR were found to have association with MetS in our population