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Home > Gene Pyramiding for Quality Enhancement and Resistance to Bacterial Blight in Rice

Gene Pyramiding for Quality Enhancement and Resistance to Bacterial Blight in Rice

Thesis Info

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Author

Hamid Ali

Program

PhD

Institute

Hazara University

City

Mansehra

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Genetics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12871/1/Hamid%20Ali_Genetics_2018_Hazara_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726255799

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important cereal crop but its yield is stagnant in Pakistan for the last several years. A number of strategies have been proposed to overcome yield stagnation of rice. One such strategy is to develop rice cultivars with an ideal plant phenotype, possessing long heavy panicles, good photosynthetic proficiency and strong culms that are resistant to lodging. Using a similar approach several advance lines of rice has been developed by Dr. Fida Muhammad Abbasi at Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan by modifying the plant architecture of JP-5 and Basmati-385. These advance lines needs to be properly evaluated for their yield and yield attributing traits and molecular characterization for resistance to bacterial blight, presence of aroma and resistance characterization to local races of bacterial blight. Therefore in the present study 30 well performing homozygous advance lines and 6 cultivated varieties were subjected to the process of evaluation on the basis of morphological traits, physical grain quality, molecular analysis for the presence of aroma and bacterial blight (BB). In addition to the above mentioned experiments, a parallel experiment was design in order to pyramid four broad spectrum BB resistance genes (Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21) in the background of Basmati-385. For this purpose Basmati-385 which is an indica variety and possess better grain quality but is susceptible to bacterial blight was crossed with IRBB59 which possess BB resistance genes xa5, xa13 and Xa21. A total 19 hybrid seeds (F0) were obtained and were grown in sterile petri plates. A large number of F2 plants were grown but only the progeny of 30 selected plants were advanced up to F5 generation. Marker assisted selection (MAS) as well as phenotypic selections were carried out in each successive generation. In the F5 generation two lines i.e., line-6 and line-14 were identified pyramided with all the four BB resistance genes. Our results demonstrate that the pyramided lines displayed a high level of resistance to all the three local isolates of Xoo used in this study. In the present study advance lines developed by Hazara University, along with cultivated check varieties of rice were evaluated on the basis of 29 quantitative traits. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant variation among the advance lines and cultivated varieties of rice for all these traits. Moderate to high coefficient of variation (CV %), was noticed in all the measured traits with the exception of 1000 grains weight. Cluster analysis was performed to know the extent of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among the genotypes. The data was subjected to the process of standardization prior to analysis. On the basis of quantitative traits, advance lines and cultivated varieties were allocated into three main groups (A, B and C) at a Euclidean distance of approximately 12 in the phylogenetic tree. The cluster A comprised of 10 genotypes including all the cultivated varieties except JP-5. The members of cluster A comprise mainly of genotypes that have relatively low yield and week plant morphology. Cluster B consist of 13 genotypes. These genotypes are high yielding and possess better plant morphology. Cluster C comprised of 11 genotypes including cultivated variety JP-5. Genotypes in this cluster have relatively high plant height and moderate yield as compared to genotypes in the other two clusters. The dendogram analysis thus showed that significant diversity exist among the genotypes that can be exploited for further improvement of these genotypes.
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روٹی سمجھ چنگیر والی چن ہو گئی

روٹی سمجھ چنگیر والی چن ہو گئی
تھگڑی سو جو نال بدن ہو گئی

لگا عشق میں رن پرنا آندی
اگوں بالاں دی ادھی درجن ہو گئی

پردہ مکھ توں الٹیا جس ویلے
جھلک چودھویں دا ہک چن ہپو گئی

یونیورسٹی دی کڑی پرنا آندی
مکلاوا آندیاں سار ان بن ہو گئی

ترلے کرنا ایں کیوں وڈیریاں دے
ایڈی وڈی کہیڑی تینوں بھن ہو گئی

روندا آیا ایں تے روندا ٹر جاسیں
دنیا کتھوں ایہہ تیری سجن ہو گئی

بیوی لڑدی رہندی سی نال میرے
دتا خرچہ تے اوہ مکھن ہو گئی

پایا سوہنیاں نے صرف اک پھیرا
رونق ویکھ وچ کیویں چمن ہو گئی

دنیا مال نہ دولت کم کسے
دولت عمل دی نال کفن ہو گئی

والضحیٰ چہرہ والیل زلفاں
رحم دلی وی سنگ بدن ہو گئی

پنجابی لکھنا بولنا گھٹ ہویا
لگ دا پیا اے بے وطن ہو گئی

بچہ اپنا ہی سوہنا لگ دا اے
لگے سوہنی پرائی جو رن ہو گئی

تناں شئیاں توں اصل وچ ھین جھگڑے
زر، زمین تے تیسری زن ہو گئی

قرائن الترجیح العامة بين الروايات المختلفة المعلة مع الأمثلة التطبيقية من كتاب العلل الواردة في الأحاديث النبوية

In the field of Defective Narrations or Ahādith Mu'allah, collection and study of chains and tracks have great importance. It is this process in which the difference in the texts and chains of narrations comes to the surface and their defects become evident. This difference in text and chains has different types, like: Waṣl wa Irsāl: the presence or the absence of a narrator in the chain of a narration. Raf' wa Waqf: attribution of a narration to the Prophet (PBUH) or to his companion. Addition or Deletion in the text or in the chain of a narration Sometimes, a narration has more than one types of differences. To determine the preference among the differences of the said types, scholars of Hadith (muḥaddithīn) have to use Presumptions of Preference or Qarā'in al-Tarjīḥ. Some of these presumptions are common among the hadith scholars known as Common Presumptions or Qarā'in Aghlabiyah. The present research discusses these presumptions with examples in light of the book al-'Ilal al-Wāridah fi al- Ahādith al-Nabawiyah authored by Imām al-Dārqutnī.

Comparison of Multi-Detector Ct Venography and Venous Sonography for Detecting Lower Limb Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients With Suspected Pulmonary Embolism

Objective: This was a prospective analytic study that aimed to compare the agreement between CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA/CTV) and ultrasonography (US) for diagnosis of thromboembolic disease and determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the 2 tests using the presence of thromboembolic disease as a reference standard. Methods: 76 consecutive patients who were referred for CTPA at the Radiology department of Aga Khan University Hospital over an 8 month period between December 2008 and July 2009 were included in the study. All the patients underwent combined CTPA/CTV according to the usual departmental protocol. They subsequently had bilateral lower limb duplex US within 24 hours of the CTPA/CTV study. Results for the presence or absence of DVT were analyzed for both CTV and US. Presence of thromboembolic disease was defined by a composite reference standard and this was used to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for both tests. Results: 73 patients were included in the final analysis. The 2 imaging tests had similar results in 62 (84.93%) patients; CTV was positive and US was negative in 7 (9.6%) patients, while CTV was negative and US was positive in 4 (5.5%) patients. There was a moderate level of agreement (k= 0.528) between CTV and US for detection of DVT. CTV had a much higher sensitivity (94.1%), specificity (100%), PPV (100%), NPV (98.2%) compared to US (58.9%, 94.6%, 76.9%, 88.3% respectively) when the presence of thromboembolic disease was used as a reference standard. Conclusion: CTV has higher sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for detection of asymptomatic DVT compared to US when the presence of venous thromboembolic disease is used as a reference standard. Therefore, in patients suspected to have PE, CTV can be used to detect DVT without an additional duplex US examination.