Updike’s Use of the Qur’anic Verses in Terrorist

This article exposes Updike’s use of the Qur’anic verses in his novel Terrorist. Apparently, the writer wants to investigate a Muslim terrorist’s mind, which causes him to launch deadly attacks against the American people. However, the results of Updike’s investigation are problematic and subjective. Updike seems to be a new Orientalist who manipulates the Qur’anic scripture to assert his mastery, neutrality and intolerance of Islam for non-believers. It proves that his presentation of Islam is based on stereotyped myths and lies. The narrator claims that the protagonist “Ahmad”, under the guidance of his religious teacher Sheikh Ahmed, inspired by the irrational and suppressed tone of the Qur’an, commits a suicide attack at Lincoln Tunnel but in the end, he is persuaded by his Jewish- school- councilor to discard this idea. Conclusively, it sounds that Updike fails to detach himself from his characters and misuses the Qur’anic verses to defend his pre-supposed ideology against Islam.

Pcr Based Genetic Diversity in Kajli Sheep Breed in Punjab, Pakistan Using Mitochondrial Dna Cytochrome-B

Main focus is to study the three districts of Punjab as well as the nearby areas where Kajli breed exists. In this study Kajli breed of sheep from Sargodha, Khushab and Mianwali districts were used. Blood samples of 30 animals up to 5 ml were collected in tubes containing EDTA as anticoagulant. These samples were stored at 4?C. DNA from these blood samples were collected with phenol chloroform extraction method. DNA quality and quantity were tested by 1% agarose gel. Purification of DNA using the liquid/solid-phase approach can be traced back to 1979, when Vogelstein and Gillespie used silica in a glass powder form in their protocol to purify DNA fragments previously separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. These techniques absorb DNA under particular pH and salt content conditions through any of the following principles: 1) Hydrogen binding in the presence of a Chaotropic agent to a hydrophilic matrix, 2) Ionic exchange using an anion exchanger under aqueous conditions 3) Affinity and size exclusion mechanisms. The genomic DNA was extracted from the blood sample and were visualized and confirmed on 1% agarose gel. DNA content was similar in all samples represent that all breeds had similar genome. Position of band in similar region showed that all the breads belong to similar origin. Populations of Mianwali, Khushab and Sargodha regions are clustered into one group. The cluster patterns were concordant with their geographic localities and were also in agreement with our previous studies using microsatellite markers. Amino acid content was also analyzed from the blood samples to determine either there is any difference among sheep belonging to different areas. Majority of amino acids of different breads are similar with each other which showed that their origin is similar from Urial. However, alanine content in sheep located from Sargodha was higher than those located with other areas. Further, valine and isoleucine content of breed from Mianwali was higher than those located in other areas. It is concluded from the analysis that all breeds of Kajli sheep are similar. They might have similar origin from Urial and spread all over the Pakistan. The minute difference in these breeds is due to different kind of breeding that is done in different areas of Pakistan. In the areas of Noorpoor thal and Quaidabad random mating is common while interbreeding is done in various ways in different regions of Mianwali which cause slightly difference in the phenotype of the Kajli sheep.