سلطان کھاروی دی غزل گوئی وچ حقیقت پسندی
سلطان کھاروی پنجابی غزل دے مان یو گ کوی نیں ۔غزل خو ب لکھدے ہن جیہدے وچ سوہنا لہجہ ،سوہنے شبداں دی ورتوں ،قدراں دی ٹٹ بھج،لفظی تے شعری تصویراں موجود نیں۔اوہناں دی غزل گوئی دی وڈی خوبی حیاتی نوں اوس دے اصل روپ وچ بیان کر نا اے۔کیوں جے اوہ حیاتی دیاں اٹل سچائیاں تے حقیقتاں نو ں بھلی بھانت جانو نیں ۔ایس لئی کوتا راہیں ایس نوں بیان کر کے منکھتا نوں سوچن دی دعوت دیندے نیں ۔اوہناں دی اجیہی کوتا وچ اک ترکھی چھبن اے جیہڑی جذبیاں نوں ٹنبدی تے منکھی سوچاں وچ بھرتو پا دیندی اے ۔ آپ نے حیاتی دیاں حقیقتاں نوں جیویں کوتا وچ روپ مان کیتا اے اوس دا اویروا انج اے ۔
دنیا دی سب توں وڈی حقیقت اے کہ منکھ ربی بھیال لئی تھا ں تھاں متھے ٹیک دا اے تے جنگل بیلے وی کھچدا اے ۔پر رب اوس نوں نئیں ملدا ۔اوہ رب نوں تلاش تاں ضرور کر دا اے پر اپنے من نوں دنیا داری تو ں پاک نہیں کر دا ۔بغض تے حسد ورگے سماجک کوجھ من وچوں نہیں کڈھدا۔
ہووے ذہن جے صاف کدورتاں توں واجاں آوندیاں گھڑ دیاں مورتاں توں
اوئے بندیا! رب پچھاننے لئی حسد بغض جنگال وی کھروچنا سی(۱)
جنگل بیلے دا پندھ مکاونا پیندا اے ۔مورتیاں نوں من وچوں کڈھنا پیندا اے ۔کعبے والا تاں من دے اندر وسدا اے ۔
جنگل بیلے بھال مکائو کدھرے اوہ مستور نہیں
مورتیاں نوں دل وچوں کڈھو کعبے والا دور نہیں
(۲)
Ṣaḥabah (R.T.A) especially Ahal-Bait have distinct position among Muslim Ummah. They have served Islamic religion in its initial period and preserved it for the generations to come. Haḍrat ‘Abdullah Ibn e ‘Abbas (RTA) was not only a Ṣaḥabi-e–Rasool (companion of the Prophet), but he was also a member of the family of Muḥammad (peace be on him). He remained in his company during his journeys and his stays in different places and got (training) from him. Muḥammad (peace be on him) made a special prayer for him i.e. “O Allah, give him understanding in religion and teach him the interpretation of the Qur’ān.” In this article the researcher aims to analyse and explain his services in the field of Islamic Sciences, Tafsir ul, Qur’ān specially the number and detail of Qiraat e Mutawatirah and Shaẓah narrated by him and their effects on the Science of Tafsir ul. Qur’ān.
Soil salinity problems in arid and semiarid areas are very common due to low rainfall, high evapotranspiration and poor water management. Among different factors for low agricultural production in developing countries like Pakistan, the foremost problem is to get sufficient water of good quality at desire place at right time. In Pakistan canal irrigation water available at watercourse head is very low than crops irrigation water requirements. Underground water is used as additional source of water to fulfill crop irrigation needs, while most of our tube well water is not fit for irrigation purpose. The application of such poor quality water deteriorates soil properties and ultimately decreased crop yields and quality. The ultimate objective should be to maximize the supply of irrigation water for agricultural production and the use of poor quality water will increased the area under cultivations. The poor quality water can be used with soil amendments to enhance crop productions and to maintain soil health. An alternative approach is to develop and select salt tolerant cultivar that can be grown successfully under poor quality water irrigation. Keeping above facts in view hydroponics culture and lysimeters experiments were conducted; (1) to determine salt tolerance of some newly approved and candidate cultivars of maize and wheat on the basis of gas exchange, growth and ionic attributes under saline and saline sodic solution culture; (2) to study the influence of organic manure and gypsum amendment on macro and micro-nutrients uptake in wheat grain and maize fodder under water induced salt stress; (3) to study the relationship of plant gas exchange attributes with plant ionic composition, water use efficiency and mineral nutrients uptake; (4) to evaluate the effect of irrigation water varying in EC and SAR on soil salt load, plant leaf stomatal conductance, photosynthetic and transpiration rates. The results depicted that wheat cultivars, SARC-1, V-07096, V-05082, SARC-7 and Pasban-90 showed less reduction in plant photosynthetic rate, dry biomass production, K+: Na+ and C2+: Na+ ratio than V-05003, V- 07076 and V-07194. While in maize cultivars the highest reduction in plant photosynthetic rate, K+: Na+ and plant dry biomass were recorded in Sadaf, FH-963, FH-722 and FH-793 and the minimal in Sahiwal-2002 and Afgoi. Salt tolerant cultivars uptake less Na+ which depicted that Na+ ion exclusion is positively correlated with salt tolerance and plant biomass production. Subsequently, growth and yield response of selected salt tolerant and sensitive 2 cultivars of maize and wheat crops were evaluated in soil culture. Farmyard manure and gypsum were incorporated in soil to investigate their mitigating effects on soil and crops under saline and saline sodic water treatments. Irrigation with saline-sodic water to maize and wheat crops revealed that salt tolerant cultivar, Sahiwal-2002 and V-07096 maintained lower Na+ concentration in leaf sap and higher K+, Ca2+ and K+: Na+ ratio as compared to salt sensitive cultivars, Sadaf and V-05003. From the results it is concluded that farmyard manure and gypsum application partially offset the harmful effects of poor quality water, improved maize fodder and wheat grain yield, plant photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, membrane stability index, K+: Na+ and mineral nutrients uptake as compared to sole poor quality water application. Organic manure and gypsum addition in soil enhanced the volume of leachates and caused a considerable reduction in soil salt load, soil SAR and improved mineral nutrients uptake. Key words: Poor quality water, K+: Na+, PCA, photosynthetic rate, salt load