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Study of Micro Techno-Economic Dynamics for Poverty Alleviation in Sindh

Thesis Info

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Author

Shah, Asif Ali

Program

PhD

Institute

Mehran University of Engineering and Technology

City

Jamshoro

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Natural Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/1387

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727380369

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It is attempted to assess the status of poverty in Sindh and its possible alleviation through economic up-gradation of the society with use of appropriate technology at the micro level and determination of relationship between the two. The phenomenon is termed as Micro Techno-Economic Dynamics (MTED). A new literature review framework termed as GRD- Framework is developed and successfully used for this study. It is limited to the use of solar thermal technology, identified as an appropriate technology. It has provided global, regional (national) and domestic (Sindh) perspective for technology utilization for poverty alleviation and MTED. On the basis of literature surveyed and the background research already done by the author, two indigenous research frameworks Primary and Secondary are designed to conduct this research. The primary framework provides the basic MTED scenario for poverty alleviation in Sindh, whereas the secondary framework sketches the in-depth MTED scenario. The research methodology of the Primary framework based upon the process laid down by Cai et al (2009) is applied through a field study in a community comprising of mainly farmers, who form a large portion of poor in the society. The survey under this framework has helped further in identifying the major institutions underlying the innovation system that shapes the MTED in Sindh. Afterwards, the Bergek et al (2008) framework is merged with the Primary framework to produce the Secondary framework. The Secondary framework utilizes the data collected from the institutions identified in Primary framework through another survey. It is based upon seven functional parameters identified by the Bergek et al (2008), which are modified for this study in the context of Sindh. xii The data collected further identifies the significant difference in perceptions at the levels of an individual and the society, as a whole. It helps in testing hypotheses formed to identify the hurdles in promotion of MTED for poverty alleviation in Sindh. These hurdles are mapped with such issues identified and addressed in the national policies before and some more realistic policy recommendations are framed. And the key policy recommendations that emerge are: Ø The Government of Sindh should strengthen the Science and Technology (S&T) Cell in the Department of Planning and Development or better revive and reestablish the separate Department of Science and Technology established earlier but abandoned soon after. Ø The S&T Cell or the Department should frame a comprehensive policy and its plan of action to introduce the MTED, rather make it feasible though out Sindh up to village level, to alleviate poverty. Ø The policies framed and action plans introduced in this respect be reviewed on regular basis. Ø A detailed survey of human and natural resources and other requirements be conducted for each feasible unit at Taluka, Village, etc. level for whole of Sindh and a relevant appropriate technology (s) be identified for each different unit to introduce MTED phenomenon for poverty alleviation effectively in that area. xiii Ø An appropriate comprehensive program be launched for vocational education and technical training for generation of suitable manpower in Techno-Economic Development and Innovation to promote MTED. The concepts may be introduced in general through special topics/ courses at secondary level of education to generate creative minds in this field. Ø Financial Incentives may be provided to promote RETs/STTs and other relevant technologies in order to keep the wheel of MTED in Sindh moving. Ø The Government must encourage linkages among different concerned organizations to form themselves into an Innovation System to achieve the objectives of poverty alleviation through MTED Ø The role of NGOs and private sector be strengthened in MTED effort to rapidly bring the benefits of RETs/STTs and other appropriate technologies to common people. Ø Funds be provided for small pilot field studies and training to provide RETs/STTs and other appropriate technologies first-hand knowledge to common people.
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لسانی تشکیلات اور افتخار جالب

موضوع11:لسانی تشکیلات اور افتخار جالب
لسانی تشکیلات کی تحریک یا روّیے کی مباحث افتخار جالب نے شروع کی۔ماضی کے لسانی ڈھانچے پر سوالات اٹھائے۔ اور لفظیات کے نئے آفاق کو ترتیب دیا۔ ان کا انسانی مسائل اور لسانی لہجے میں اظہاری انسلاک نظر نہیں آتا۔ جس میں شاعری کے ابہام ابھرتے ہیں۔ ان کے خیال میں ماضی اور اس سے متعلقہ تمام روایات اپنی موت آپ مرچکی ہے۔ ان کے خیال میں لغوی اور شعری معنئی کا فرق ایک تسلیم شدہ حقیقت ہے۔ لیکن افتخار جالب نے لغوی اور کشافی معنویت کے خلاف اپنا علم بغاوت اٹھا کر نعرہ قلندر بلند کیا کہ قواعد { گرائمر ، اجتماعیت اور ابلاغ تک توسیع دے دی جس سے چند مغاطے بھی پیدا ہوئے۔
افتخار جالب نے کلاسکیل اردو شاعری کے لسانی کے جمالیاتی اور اظہاری لیجے کے علاوہ ترقی پسند شعریاتی زبان پر سخت تنقید کی۔ حالانکہ افتخار جالب کا جھکاو بائیں بازو کی جانب تھا ، وہ ٹریڈ یونینسٹ تھے۔ اور ٹریڈ یونینسٹ سرگرمیوں میں فعال حصہ لینے کی پاداش میں ان کو الائید بنک کی نوکری سے ہاتھ دھونا پڑا۔ افتخار جالب دراصل نحوی ترکیب کا نیا شعری باطن تخلیق کرنا چاہتے تھے۔ انہوں نے معنی اور در معنی کے حوالے سے کئی سوالات اٹھائے۔ اور معنی میں معنی کو تلاش کرتے رہے۔ انہوں نے زنگ آلود افکار ، فرسودہ تراکیب، رموز، پامال کلمات، بدبو دار تشبہیات اور استعاروں کے خلاف آواز اٹھائی۔ اور انہوں نے اس جامد اسلوب شعر اور پھیکے جذبات کے خلاف آواز بلند کی۔ مگر ان کے قبیلے میں شامل شعرا ان کی بات کو نہیں سمجھ سکے اور ایک مضوعی دنیا کی شاعری کرتے رہے اور اردو میں ’’ نئی نئی شاعری’’ خلق نہیں کرسکے۔ اس سلسلے میں افتخار جالب نے اپنی کتاب ’’ لسانی تشکیلات اور قدیم بنجر پن میں...

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