مزاح کے انسانی نفسیات پر اثرات اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں Effects of humor on human psychology in the light of Islamic teachings

Every branch of art leaves a deep impact on the human psyche, but the immortal fact is that the reason for their creation is also to reduce the tension of the human mind. The most representative theory of humor in philosophy and psychology and even in physics. Is the idea of ​​well-being, comfort or well-being? Broadly speaking, this suggests that humor (which has an obvious physiological effect) has effects on the nervous system and allows different levels of stress to be released. In other words, laughter and good humor have the ability to release stored nervous energy. Humor is included in human nature and man has a strong desire for this thing that there should be such means for him to express joy and expansion. Because through them, man is blessed with mental and physical peace and comfort. In these things, he considers the survival of his self-respect. Islam not only allows humor, sports and entertainment, but also sets rules and regulations within which human beings can fulfill their natural needs. Its cultural traditions should also be propagated. As the head and governor of the Islamic state, the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) made the best arrangements for his state, the taste of the people and their entertainment, and set an example for the rulers that, like other matters, oppression in this not to be taken for granted, fun and humor are part of human nature. He (ﷺ) allowed fun and laughter and He (ﷺ) himself used to be cheerful. Islam admires cheerfulness and cheerfulness, and encourages it so that people can be refreshed and perform their duties in an auspicious manner. Through this paper, it will be clarified that what are the effects of humor on human psychology and what are the teachings of Islam and the Prophet of Islam in this regard. Key Word:    Fine Arts, Humor, Human terms, Human humor

Evaluation of Solid Breast Masses Using Sonographic Acr Bi-Rads Lexicon Descriptors

Purpose of the study: To which of the ACR sonographic BIRADS lexicon descriptors can be used reliably to differentiate benign from malignant solid breast masses. Objectives: 1.Main Objective: To determine the association of sonographic ACR BI-RADS descriptors and solid breast masses 2. Specific Objective: To determine the predictive probabilities of sonographic BI-RADS lexicon descriptors Methodology: This was a 15 months prospective cross sectional study in which 125 consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The study was carried out at theAga KhanUniversity hospitalradiology department between October 2008 and December 2009 inclusive. The scans were performed in ourradiology department by residents and consultant radiologists. The sonographic BI-RADS descriptors were then assigned to the lesions based on the consensus arrived at between the principal investigator and the consultant radiologist. The findings were then correlated with the histological/cytological diagnosis which was the gold standard. The study was approved by the University Research and Ethics Committee Results: 66% (n=82) of the patients turned out to have benign lesions while 34% (n=43) had malignant breast lesions. All the sonographic BI-RADS descriptor variables demonstrated significant association with the histology results apart from vascularity. The predictive probability of malignancy was lowest (8.36 %) for lesions with parallel orientation and well circumscribed margins and highest (73.89%) for masses with non parallel and poorly circumscribed margins. Conclusion: There is a significant association between all the sonographic ACR BI-RADS lexicon descriptors and solid breast masses apart from one descriptor: vascularity. Lesions with both non parallel orientation and non circumscribed margins have the highest predictive probability for malignancy.