ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین مرحوم
معارف کا زیادہ تر حصہ لکھا جاچکا تھا کہ ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین خاں کے انتقال پر ملال کی خبر ملی، وہ ہماری مجلسِ انتظامیہ کے بہت پرانے رکن تھے، ان کی وفات سے یہ ملک ایک شریف ترین انسان ، ایک خلیق بزرگ، ا یک اچھے دوست اور ایک بہت ہی نامورمصنف سے محروم ہوگیا، اﷲ تبارک و تعالیٰ ان کو کروٹ کروٹ جنت نعیم عطا کریں۔ (صباح الدین عبدالرحمن، مارچ ۱۹۷۹ء)
ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین مرحوم
گذشتہ ۲۱؍ فروری کی رات کو ریڈیو میں خبر سنی کہ ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین اﷲ کو پیارے ہوئے یہ خبر سن کر ایسا معلوم ہوا کہ کوئی شفیق بزرگ دائمی مفارقت دے گیا، رات بڑ ے کرب سے گذری۔
ان سے میرا پہلا تعارف ۱۹۳۴ء میں ہوا میں کچھ دنوں جامعہ ملیہ میں بھی رہا، قرول باغ کے جس مکان میں ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین مرحوم جامعہ ملیہ کے شیخ الجامعہ کی حیثیت سے سکونت پذیر تھے، اسی کے پاس میں ایک مکان میں مقیم تھا، ان دنوں ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین جامعہ عثمانیہ میں تاریخ کے استاد تھے، عید منانے اپنے محبوب بھائی ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کے پاس آگئے تھے، ان کو پہلی دفعہ دیکھا تو سفید شیروانی میں ملبوس تھے، بہت ہی شکیل اور رعنا جو ان نظر آئے، اسی زمانہ میں ان کے بھتیجے امتیاز حسین مرحوم یعنی ان کے سب سے بڑے بھائی کے لڑکے جامعہ ملیہ سے بی۔اے کی تعلیم سے فارغ ہوئے تھے اور مزید تعلیم کے لیے یورپ جانے کی فکر میں تھے، وہ خالی اوقات میں میرے پاس آجاتے، ان سے معلوم ہوا کہ ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کے گھر کی عورتیں ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین صاحب کو خوش قسمت اور مالدار سمجھتی ہیں، کیونکہ ان کے یہاں اچھے سوفہ سٹ اور دوسرے فرنیچرس جو اس زمانہ میں...
The importance and authenticity of the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Muhammadan Ummah is an undisputed fact. A large number of Muḥaddithīn and imams spent their lives in collecting and editing the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH) and compiled a collection of hadiths. These hadiths were classified according to their health and weakness. Due to the efforts of the imams, there are hadiths narrated from the Messenger of Allah on all sciences and knowledge and issues and rulings. Among them are Hadith Qudsī, Ma‘rūf, Mawkūf, Maktū‘, Saḥiḥ, Ḥasan Za‘īf and all other types of Hadith. The same Hadith e Qudsīyyah also includes a Hadith Lawlāk "لولاک" refers to those hadiths in which the Prophet ﷺ has been described as the cause of the creation of the universe and the origin of the universe. That is the hadith in which Allah Almighty has related the Prophet (PBUH) as the reason for creating the universe and its beings. However, the words of "Hadith e Lawlāk" The authenticity of the hadith has been made a subject of discussion. Some imams have declared this hadith to be weak and some have also said that it is valid. However, a large number of scholars have agreed on the authenticity of this hadith and the hadith has been declared correct in terms of meaning and has been recorded in the books of hadith, biographies and interpretations and other subject books. In the article under review, the sayings of Imams on the health and weakness of Hadith Lawlāk have been presented and research analysis of the said Hadith has been done through simulation and rational arguments.
The defense system of plants is comprised of various R-protein, which usually contain nucleotide binding site-Leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) domain. In addition, non NBS-LRR genes like SAMDC, ODC, SPM, SPD, HSP90, HSP17, HSF-A and HSF-B also prepare plants to combat biotic stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent the 2nd layer of defense and play a pivotal role behind the scene. This study was conducted to explore the role of these three components, in provoking immune response of cucumber plants after challenging with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Screening of 21 genotypes of cucumber against CMV showed Ames-26917 as the most susceptible and identified P1-618950 as the most resistant one. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment of 57 NBS genes, showed various classes of the NBS- gene family. Transcript profiling of 17 CC domain-containing genes along with non-NBS-LRR genes in the virus inoculated plants of selected resistant and susceptible genotypes at 8 DPI and 15 DPI was carried out by real time RT-PCR. In the resistant genotype, relatively higher transcript levels of NBS-1, NBS-5 and NBS-7 were observed at 15 DPI in infected plants as compared to non-infected control. At 8 DPI, the transcript accumulation of the NBS genes was down-regulated upon infection. In the susceptible genotype, the same trend was observed but the transcripts were relatively lower in concentration as compared to resistant genotypes. In non-infected plants, no change of transcript level was observed between 8 DPI and 15 DPI. Transcript analysis of non-NBS genes showed similar trend of transcript accumulation in both, resistant and susceptible genotypes between 8DPI and 15 DPI except for HSP-17, whose transcription was up regulated upon infection at 15 DPI. To explore the potential role of miRNAs in attenuating these genes, bioinformatics prediction of miRNAs, targeting NBS-LRR genes, was conducted. Ten miRNAs showed their complementation with 7 NBS-LRR genes. To validate the role of these miRNAs in attenuating the target genes, co-expression analysis was carried out, which detected these miRNAs only in non-infected cucumber genotypes (and infected as stated below?). This study concluded that cucumber plant’s immune system was not triggered until the virus obtained its threshold level at 15DPI. The non NBS-LRR genes do not seem to play role in preparing the system against biotic stress, except HSP-17, which was upregulated at 15 DPI. The detection of selected miRNAs (396c, 156a, 157b, 159a, 162a, 169a, 169c, 169e, 172d, 390b) only in the infected samples suggested their role in attenuating the expression of NBS-LRR genes but non NBS-LRRs are neutral to the abundance or absence of miRNA before or after infection.