أوهام الإمام البزار فى الأسانيد والرجال من خلال مسنده البحر الزخار

Indeed، the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace be upon him) is the second sources of Islamic Shariah. It is the sacred knowledge after the Holy Qur’an. It consists of sayings، actions and approvals of the Prophet (peace be upon him). The science of Jarh wa al-Ta’deel (narrator criticism and evaluation) is an important science for the protection of Sunnah. This science comprehensively draws differences of Saḥīḥ from Dha’īf. The religious scholars have started working on Jarh wa al-Ta’deel from the time of companions and successors. Among them a great Moḥaddis was Imām Abu Bakr  Ahmad bin ‘Amr Baẓẓār. He has written the book، “Al-Musnad Al-Bahar Al-Ẓakhkhār”. This book consists of a huge compilation of Aḥadīth and its science. Imām Bazzār has discussed about Asānīd، Ahwāl Rijāl، Ilal Aḥadīth، Mutābi’āt and Tafarradāt. He had adopted a unique research methodology، however، he was among lenient Imāms of Jarh wa al-Ta’deel. Sometimes، he misunderstood reporters and reports. This article attempts to analyze his methodology as a lenient Imām while discussing chains of reporters and reporters of Aḥadīth. This study uses a critical and comparative research methodology to investigate reporters and reports and will be beneficial for researchers and scholars in the field of Hadith and its Sciences.

Online Audience Feedback and Media Accountability in Kenya’S Mainstream Media

This study sought to find out if online audience feedback in terms of engagement, correction and criticism of news stories produced by the media, leads to certain decisions by the media that amounts to accountability. The objectives of this study were; (a) to examine the nature of audience feedback to news stories in Kenya, (b) to determine how media responds to audience feedback on news stories, (c) to examine how the engagement, correction and criticism of news stories by online audiences leads to more accountability in the media, (d) to establish whether prompt reaction by online audience has led to a responsive media. Online audience behaviour was gauged through the active audience theory. The researcher conducted interviews with 15 respondents from five media houses, namely BBC Africa, Nation Media Group, Standard Group, Royal Media Services and Radio Africa. Content analysis was also done using stories extracted from online platforms of the media houses on the coverage of the NYS II Scandal for NMG, SG, Radio Africa Group and Royal Media Services and the night runners for BBC Africa. This study found out that online audience feedback has led to more accountability on the part of the media. Also, that the media takes issue with the nature of audience feedback. Media noted that feedback is mostly harmful to their characters personally and professionally. It is at times subjective, based on feelings and emotions rather than facts that could be used to improve on the profession. This study recommended the need for media literacy skills for the public which in turn will help improve how feedback is given to improve on calls for accountability. The study recommended further inquiry on the mental health of journalists in the wake of constant criticism, trolls and backlash on their personal and professional lives.