النورسي ومعالجته النقدية الايجابية البناءة للقضايا

From the very first day, the scholars of the Ummah, Particularly from the time of Im฀m Sh฀f฀ movements of Islamic thought originated, which affected not only the Arabic world but the whole Islamic world. There had been movements of severe revenge and bloodshed and a lot of people were killed. Im฀m Nawras฀ is one of those unique people who served the Islamic thought from such dangerous storms. Day and night he made selfless efforts. He criticized the falsehood and injustice. The period of Im฀m Nawras฀ was plagued with severe gales of argumentations. This became the cause of Invitational, reformative and renewing movement of Im฀m Nawras฀. It faced the western and European attacks which appeared after Industrial and ideological revolutions of Europe. Before starting the movement, he did deep study of current affairs, Islamic thought and history. He studied the reasons due to which chaos of Islamic thought began. It was necessary to study all the situations and to fight with the contemporary Atheistic thought and wipe out its effects. So this article discusses intellectual contributions of Im฀m Nawras฀. He is great in handling the critical situation, and his conservative positive criticism is excellent. He is one of those luckiest persons who survived and got a chance to serve humanity. He was unique in handling intellectual issues away from dialectical demagoguery. Im฀m Nawras฀ really worked great for Islam. His principles regarding intellectual positive criticism, his philosophical thoughts, his criticism on mystic issues are presented here in this article. It is important to study and analyze Nawras฀ ’s amazing ability and his critical positive approach and treatment of constructive issues away from the ego.

Impact of Socio-Cultural Problems on the Performance of Female Faculty Members: A Case Study of University of Sindh, Jamshoro.

Technological changes have significantly affected the environment of work place. Organizational changes have brought new challenges for employees including change in the structure and culture of workplace. Further the employees have to meet the organizational expectations about work performance. Women working in higher educational institutions have to face various challenges in Pakistan. The women are also facing problems domestic problems, work-related issues and cultural barriers. However, the potential of women has not been fully utilized. One of important reasons for the lack of women empowerment is less number of job opportunities for women. The aim of this research is to explore the socio-cultural problems faced by working women. These socio-cultural problems negatively affect the performance of female faculty members. These socio-cultural problems affect their performance in teaching and research- the key performance areas. Thus, this study argues that the performance of female faculty can be improved by solving these social hindrances and cultural problems. For this study, the mixed method approach has been used to collect data. For the purpose of data collection, a structured questionnaire was used. In addition, interview method has been used to collect the non-numerical data. FGDs were also conducted to collect specific information and to explore the socio-cultural problems in detail. The data for this thesis was analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used for data analysis. Qualitative data was transcribed for the process of data analysis. The focus of this study is to investigate the socio-cultural problems faced by female faculty members in the University of Sindh, Jamshoro and the impact of these problems on the performance. The main argument of this study is that the socio-cultural problems the female faculty members face at home, workplace and during the journey from home to their workplace negatively impact on the performance of female teachers. However, the factors including family support and positive attitudes at workplace boost their job performance as they increase levels of motivation and job satisfaction. Chapter one gives introduction about the status of women is Pakistani society. It provided justification for the research on a specific topic ‘the impact of socio-cultural problems on the performance of Female faculty members. Moreover, this chapter also describes the importance of this study. Chapter two gives an overview of the literature available on this topic. This chapter is devoted to the review of related literature available on this research topic. It critically evaluates the literature in order to find out the gaps in existing knowledge, and to find out how it is relevant to present study. The chapter provides review of books, periodicals, published and unpolished works, and official reports, research articles and online electronic sources. In the end, the chapter gives theoretical framework based on the theories about the motivation, work and performance. Theoretical Framework is important in a way that it sets the direction of the research. Chapter 3 firstly, presents Research Methodology for this research study. Secondly, it discusses the various methods of data collection and data analysis. It also describes the techniques of sampling, pre-testing etc. Thirdly, the chapter also includes the research ethics, consent of the participants etc. Chapter four analyses the data and presents evidence gathered though the process of data collection for this study. It tests the hypotheses of the study. Chapter five concludes the key points regarding the hypotheses and produces recommendations for policy makers, academicians, researchers and teachers and University officials to benefit from this research for creating safe and secure working environment which should facilitate the working women to perform their duties and to positively contribute to the development and dissemination of knowledge and generating world class research. It was found that social and family support plays a vital role in the improvement of performance. The study found that women faced socio-cultural problems during their journey from home to workplace. The solution of their socio-cultural problems will boost the performance of the women and increase the output of the organizations.