ضیاء محمد ضیاء(۱۹۲۸ء۔پ)کا اصل نام ضیا محمد اور تخلص ضیاؔ کرتے تھے۔ آپ کنجاہ سے متصل ایک بستی قاسم آباد ضلع گجرات میں پیدا ہوئے۔۔ ۱۹۵۳ء میں آپ نے سرکاری ملازمت اختیار کر لی اور گورنمنٹ ہائی سکول نمبرا پسرور میں بطور معلم السنہ شرقیہ تعینات ہوئے۔ اس کے بعد آپ مستقل طورپر پسرور میں اقامت پذیر ہو گئے۔(۷۶۲) آپ کے دوشعری مجموعے ’’نوائے شوق ‘‘اور ’’ارمغانِ عشق‘‘ شائع ہو چکے ہیں۔ ضیا اقبال کو روحانی مرشد اور فکری راہنما تسلیم کرتے ہیں۔انھیں غزل گوئی کے بجائے نظم نگاری پر زیادہ عبور حاصل ہے۔ قومی افکار، اخلاقی اقدار اور عشقِ حقیقی ان کی شاعری کا محور ہیں۔نمونہ کلام ملاحظہ ہو:
اے نقشِ گر ہستی ، اے صانع زیبائی
صنعت پہ تری حیراں ہے چشمِ تماشائی
خورشید و مہ و انجم آئینہ نما تیرے
مظہرِ تیری قدرت کا یہ گنبدِ مینائی
کثرت میں بھی دیکھا ہے جلوہ تری وحدت کا
ہے نقش دوئی باطل، حق ہے تری یکتائی
(۷۶۳)
۷۶۲۔ڈاکٹر سلطان محمود حسین، ’’تاریخ پسرور‘‘،ص:۲۵۴
۷۲۳۔ایضاً،ص:۲۵۵
Today in the world, the human beings are crunch in crimes in developed society or in undeveloped society. As a result the whole world has become insecure and unsafe. A society and nation can perish and drowned due to its cruelty and crimes. The Muslim society is also being victims of such crimes. According to the scholars the basic reason of this issue is illiteracy and get for away from Islamic teachings while fearless from God and from the Day of Judgment, social injustice, instability, destabilization, disunity and dis-integrity, away from knowledge, negative role of media and impatience tolerance are also considered as major factors. The scholars and reformers are suggested to control the crimes through laydown of justice or establishment of Courts and spread of knowledge, bring awareness among the peoples, establishment of educational institutes in a society. In this article it has been point out the major causes of social crimes and their potential remedy in the light of Qur’an and Sunnah.
This study investigated the issue of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in context of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The study focused on exploring CSR related activities of SMEs in the province and their underlying motivations. Moreover, major barriers faced by SMEs in addressing social, economic, and environmental concerns are identified. Mixed-method research methodology is used in two phases of research. The first phase of the research was based on qualitative study which helped in exploring practices of CSR in SMEs along with motivations and barriers. In-depth interviews were conducted from managers and owners of SMEs. Moreover, through adopting ground theory approach, the rich information from interviews was analyzed to extract emerging themes. Qualitative study helped in exploring six major themes related to CSR practice, three major themes on motivations of the CSR, and two themes on barriers of CSR in SMEs. Furthermore, a questionnaire was constructed based on themes emerged during first phase of the study and a conceptual model was formed with relational hypothesis. In the second phase, quantitative methodology is used to test the validity of developed instrument and hypotheses testing. A randomly selected sample of 469 respondents from SMEs was subjected to analysis. Unifactoriality of the constructs was tested with Principal Component Analysis. The results of tests indicated that items related to each construct correlate with each other and hence provide a sufficient evidence of constructs validity. In order to test the relational hypothesis, structural equation modeling (SEM) technique is deployed. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, SMEs, Motivations, Barriers, Mixedmethod research