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Home > Hope or Hype - Public Private Partnership for the Development of Education in Sindh, Pakistan

Hope or Hype - Public Private Partnership for the Development of Education in Sindh, Pakistan

Thesis Info

Author

Nazeer Ahmed

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

Mphil

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728080769

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Public Private Partnership (PPP) is considered a governance innovation to improve public education system by bringing the public and private sector together. In Pakistan there are different models of PPP in practice. A new model of PPP with the title of Education Management Organization (EMO) model has been recently introduced in some public schools of Sindh with the support of USAID’s Sindh Basic Education Programme. The main objective of this study was to understand the differences that EMO has created in secondary public school To investigate this phenomenon a sequential explanatory mixed methods research design was employed. The multiple level of sample in the study included teachers (n = 68), head masters (n = 6) and school managers (n = 3). Four data collection instruments (classroom observation scale, head masters’ questionnaire, checklist, and semi structured interviews) were used for quantitative and qualitative data collection. The quantitative data analysis was completed through SPSS-20, while thematic analysis of qualitative data was performed. The major findings regarding classroom observation showed that the classroom practices of the EMO teachers were significantly better as compared to their non-EMO counterparts. Similarly, physical facilities and natural environment of EMO schools is better than non-EMO schools. The EMO school head masters also performed better as compared to their non-EMO colleagues. Similarly, the community engagement and involvement was also comparatively better in EMO schools. These changes have been achieved through cooperative management, continuous professional development training of teachers, community involvement, effective use of communication channels, and regular monitoring of all the school operations. However, there are still some improvements that are needed such as more meaningful involvement of community. The EMO schools also need to remain sensitive to improving equity and access to out of school children. The study recommends that policy makers do not allow EMO schools to get too much crowded and also improve surrounding schools. There is also a need to increase the HR of PPP-Node to monitor EMO performance. The EMO should create a congenial environment in the school between EMO-hired private teachers and regular government teachers. There is a need to carry out longitudinal research to assess the efficacy of EMO model over a longer term and with larger numbers.
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مولوی احتشام علی ندوی

مولوی احتشام علی ندوی
افسوس ہے کہ ۲۰؍ رمضان المبارک کو مولوی احتشام علی ندوی اچانک چل بسے، ان کی تعلیم دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلماء میں ہوئی، وہ مولانا عبدالسلام قدوائی ندوی مرحوم کے چہیتے شاگردوں میں تھے، انہی کے ایما سے جامعہ ملیہ میں داخلہ لیا، مولانا عبدالسلام صاحب نے لکھنؤ میں ادارۂ تعلیمات اسلام کی داغ بیل ڈالی تو اس کی تشکیل میں یہ بھی ان کے معاون رہے اور ان کی نگرانی میں صحابہ کرام کے حالات میں مختصر اور عام فہم بعض کتابچے لکھے۔
دارالمصنفین سے ان کا تعلق دو بار رہا، پہلی دفعہ وہ مولانا عبدالسلام قدوائی کے ساتھ آئے اور محاسب کی ذمہ داری سنبھالی، ان کے انتقال کے بعد انہوں نے بھی یہاں سے تعلق منقطع کرلیا، تاہم دارالمصنفین سے ان کے لگاؤ میں کمی نہیں آئی جناب سید صباح الدین صاحب مرحوم کے انتقال کے بعد پھر وہ دارالمصنفین تشریف لائے اور پریس کی نگرانی اور دوسرے انتظامی امور ان کو سپرد کئے گئے لیکن اس دفعہ ان کی صحت خراب رہنے لگی۔ دو تین برس سے کمزوری بہت بڑھ گئی تھی اور ضعف بصر کی شکایت بھی ہوگئی تھی۔ ان کا انتقال دارالمصنفین ہی میں ہوا، مگر تدفین ان کے وطن رحیم آباد میں ہوئی۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ درجات بلند کرے اور اہلیہ و اعزہ کو صبرِ جمیل عطا کرے آمین!
(ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، جنوری ۲۰۰۰ء)

اسلام میں اہلیت اجتہاد کا معیار

Ijtihad is not an ordinary matter, but an important and sensible religious responsibility from Sharia’h perspective. That is why, Islam does notpermits everyone to indulge in, rather imposes some pre-requisites of widespread knowledge, penetrating insight, intellectual wisdom and similar ext ra ordinary capabilities, without which Ijtihad is deemed as unacceptable and unauthentic. Similarly, any such so-called Ijtihad is also worthless which is not based on knowledge and argument. Several threats have been mentioned in Ahadith on such types of Ijtihad. However, acceptable and reward earning Ijtihad is one which is based on knowledge and arguments, fulfilling all pre-requisite conditions for the task. The essential conditions for indulging in Ijtihad are: expertise in Arabic language, deep understanding of Quran and Sunnah, knowledge of principles of Islamic jurisprudence especially analogy (Qayas), God-gifted intellect and wisdom, know- how about demands of contemporary age, knowledge about demanding situation for making Ijtihad, its procedure and about Shariah perspectives in this regard, and piousness. These conditions are agreed upon with consensus. Besides, there are some conditions which arouse difference of opinion, e.g. Knowledge of Usul-e-Deen, Logics, and particular problems of Islamic jurisprudence, etc. Some scholars consider them amongst essential conditions for Ijtihad, while rest majority do not deem them as necessary. Allama Shatibi, in his individual opinion contradicting to that of majority, has allowed for non-Muslims also to do Ijtihad. However, majority of scholars opine that Islam is the first pre-requisite condition for the task, hence non-Muslim is not capable for that.

Microbiological Quality of Goat?S Milk Obtained from Different Areas of District Muzaffargarh

Pakistan is the fourth country which provides milk at large scale where goat population is increasing day by day. Milk is the primary need of every home today. It is also a product on which bacteria attack very soon. It was hypothesized that quality of milk is not pure nowadays in Pakistan especially in milk producing areas. The aim of this study was checking the quality of goat milk from different places in district Muzaffargarh and the difference in calculation of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus),Escherichia coli (E.coli), Bacillus cereus (B.cereus), Klebsellia pneumoniea (K.pneumoniea) and Salmonella typhi (S.typhi) between standard plate count method and direct plate count method. Milk samples were collected from district Muzaffargarh. Some strategies were followed in this research plan. The quality parameters were clot on boiling, alcohol perception test and organoleptic test. These parameters were used to decide and observe the quality of milk in very short time. The fastidious S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi were focused in this study. S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi were detected and isolated from milk samples of goat. S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi were cultured in different nutrient agar media. The standard plate count method and direct microscopic method were applied to count down the number of S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi. It was concluded that alcohol perception and clot on boiling gave 34% and 24.5% positives results. On the other hand in organoleptic test, smell, appearance, colour, consistency and temperature gave 7%, 14.5%, 23%, 38% and 20% positive results. S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi generated the bar at 8%, 14%, 17%, 21% and 5% positive results respectively. It was also concluded that standard plate counting is much precise method as compared to the direct microscopic counting method. These results were organized in SPSS software or excel sheet.