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Between Homes and Hosts: Life Narratives of South and Southeast Asian Diasporic Academic Women in America

Thesis Info

Author

Sibghatullah Khan

Department

Department of English

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2012

Subject

English Language

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728709220

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Between Homes and Hosts: Life Narratives of South and Southeast Asian Diasporic Academic Women in America Thisdissertationisatransculturalfeministandpostcolonialstudyofthelifenarratives (auto/biographies) of late Twentieth Century South and Southeast Asian diasporic academic women in America. It is delimited to Sara Suleri’s Meatless Days (1989) and Boys Will Be Boys (2003), Meena Alexander’sFaultLines (2003), Shirley Lim’sAmongtheWhiteMoonFaces (1997), and Bharati Mukherjee’s Days and Nights in Calcutta (1977). Located on a larger scale in Asian American literary tradition and focused on life narratives written by diasporic women, this investigation is in the area of Autobiography Studies. The main argument of this study is that, through their construction of relational, hybrid, multiple, and shifting subjectivities/identities in their life narratives, diasporic academic women not only challenge the male autobiography writing conventions but also question and subvert the universalist assumptions of the White Euro-American/Western feminism. This dissertation also argues that, operating from their hybrid viewing positions as academics and making a creative use of their agency as intellectuals, the Asian-American diasporic women in America use their life narratives to disrupt postcolonial polarities and make the imaginary liminal space between home and host cultures a productive site for diasporic articulations. Moreover, this dissertation investigates how they put up with the demands of their intellectual lives and motherhood, and brave the odds stacked against them in their patriarchal native societies and race-/gender-conscious American society and academy. Since they leave their homes, this study particularly investigates how their concept of home changes across time and space. Their experience of straddling two different cultures simultaneously develops in them a sense of be/longing or un/belonging, cultural nostalgia as well as a tendency to assimilate, the degrees of which vary from person to person. Due to their marriages with white North Americans, their distinguished positions as academics in American universities, and multiple migrations, their concept of home changes from originary to imaginary, static to portable, and from singular to plural, constructed through writing. It is through disrupting male autobiography writing practice, questioning the First World feminism, energizing the “intervening space” between cultures, and overturning the traditional postcolonial binaries that South and Southeast Asian diasporic academic women in America problematize and nuance contemporary production of feminist and postcolonial/diasporic knowledge.
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مرزا مرتضیٰ بیگ

مرزا مرتضیٰ بیگ
جناب مرزا مرتضی بیگ اعظم گڑھ کے بہت ہی لائق، ممتاز اور وضعدار وکیل تھے، دارالمصنفین کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے اہم رکن بھی ایک عرصہ تک رہے، ان کی وفات کراچی میں ہوئی، اﷲ تبارک و تعالیٰ ان کو اپنی رحمتوں اور برکتوں سے سرفراز رکھے، آمین۔
(’صباح الدین عبدالرحمن، فروری ۱۹۷۶ء)

 

مسالک کے مشترکات کے ادراک کی اہمیت: پاکستان کے تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Signaficance of the Understanding of Intra-faith Similerties: Analytical Study in the Context of Pakistan Muslims are commanded to foster unity as breaking into sects is forbidden by Allah. Islam teaches about broadness of vision and the emergence of different denominations in Islam is because of this broadness. There are different school of thoughts that emerged due to the broader perspective of Shar’ῑah rulings like Hanfῑ, Shᾱfῑ, Mᾱlikῑ and Hanblῑ, J'afrῑ etc despite that there is an essential unity in beliefs and practices among the Muslims. They all worship Allah, follow the last Messenger, Muhammad (ﷺ) and the last revelation Qur’an. They face the same Qibla while praying, prostrate to Allah five times a day, and believe in finality of prophet hood. Qur'an and Ahᾱdῑth are a source of jurisprudence for all Muslims. The difference between Muslims is in understanding and interpreting the Scripture and Ᾱhᾱdῑth of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in the matters related with implementation of certain religious, social, political, and other duties. Islam rejects sectarianism, intolerance and extremism. Keeping in mind all of the above-mentioned points, in the article an attempt has been made to analyze the major challenges facing the intra-faith unity in Pakistan. The first is ignorance. Second is the role of media and scholars. Third is curriculum and fourth is intolerance. In the beginning the introduction of different schools of thought is given, and then forbearance demonstrated from the life of ‘Salaf Sᾱlihῑn’ has been described to establish an atmosphere of harmony in the present time, especially in Pakistan. The importance and significance of foundations of harmony is explained in such a manner that every Muslim should understand that the differences between the Muslims are very small, as they are only minor disagreements. Other than that, they are united in beliefs and practices. Finally, in the end, recommendations have been proposed.

Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System: A Proposed Model With Empirical Evidence from the Government Employees of Punjab, Pakistan

Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System: A Proposed Model with Empirical Evidence from the Government Employees of Punjab, Pakistan The main purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of performance appraisal system used for government employees in school education department of Punjab, Pakistan and to propose a model of performance appraisal that highlights the importance of leader-member exchange in determining performance appraisal reactions (performance appraisal fairness and performance appraisal satisfaction). This study is grounded in the concepts extracted from, but not limited to, social exchange theory by Homans (1958), leader-member exchange theory by Graen and Uhl-Bien, (1995) and organizational justice theory by Greenberg (1987). The proposed model posits that leader-member exchange influences performance appraisal reactions which in turn influence the effectiveness of performance appraisal system. Thus, performance appraisal reactions are believed to mediate the influence of leader-member exchange on effectiveness of performance appraisal system. The study was a cross sectional quantitative study in which survey approach was used for data collection. The data were collected through closed ended questionnaires to elicit the perceptions of dyad: 557 principals (raters) and 557 teachers (ratees) using the proportionate random sampling. The study concluded that according to ratees’ perceptions, effectiveness of performance appraisal system is dependent on leader-member exchange. Moreover, performance appraisal reactions link the levels of leader-member exchange and effectiveness of performance appraisal system. The conclusion drawn in this study was confirmed by taking aggregated leader-member exchange and found that effectiveness of performance appraisal system is dependent on the level of aggregated leader-member exchange. The present study contributes greatly in the field of appraisal research in that it is an attempt to develop a comprehensive model to measure the effectiveness of performance appraisal considering the social context of performance appraisal and appraisal reactions. The researcher has used the two levels of analysis to get the clear picture of leader-member exchange through ratees’ and aggregated perceptions of ratees and raters. Hence, the concerned authorities can pay more attention to developing a more comprehensive system where reactions are catered to.